在ASHRAE和美国能源部（DOE）联合赞助的一个项目中，研究了一种通过复杂的开窗系统（包括遮阳帘或百叶窗等非特殊层）预测太阳能热增益的新方法。在该方法中，使用扫描辐射计测量开窗系统各层的双向辐射透射率和反射率。然后，通过透射/多次反射计算，从测量层的特性计算出包含这些层的系统特性。计算得出了开窗系统的总方向半球透射率和逐层吸收率。这些特性反过来又与吸收太阳能向内流动部分的特定层测量相结合，以产生整体太阳能热增益系数。在描述该项目的一系列相关论文中，首先介绍了计算方法的假设和局限性，并介绍了从初始积分方程推导矩阵计算技术。 关键词:计算，太阳热增益，窗口，阴影，百叶窗，测量，辐射测量，反射系数，透射率，特性，光学特性，研究，太阳辐射。引用:研讨会，ASHRAE Trans。1994年，第100卷，第一部分

A new method of predicting the solar heat gain through complex fenestration systems involving nonspecular layers such as shades or blinds has been examined in a project jointly sponsored by ASHRAE and the US Department of Energy (DOE). In this method, a scanning radiometer is used to measure the bidirectional radiative transmittance and reflectance of each layer of a fenestration system. The properties of systems containing these layers are then built up computationally from the measured layers' properties using a transmission/multiple-reflection calculation. The calculation produces the total directional-hemispherical transmittance of the fenestration system and the layer-by-layer absorptances. These properties are in turn combined with layer-specific measurements of the inward-flowing fractions of absorbed solar energy to produce the overall solar heat gain coefficient. In this first in a series of related papers describing the project, the assumptions and limitations of the calculation method are described, and the derivation of the matrix calculation technique from the initial integral equations is presented.KEYWORDS: calculating, solar heat gain, windows, shades, blinds, measuring, radiometry, reflection factor, transmittance, properties, optical properties, research, solar radiation.