This study evaluates the issue related to the mixing of waters with free chlorine and chloramine
residuals in the distribution systems. For active mixing, the final chlorine residual will be
reduced due to breakpoint reaction effects. For passive mixing, diffusion is a limiting process
that results in a very narrow reaction zone. Both the diffusion calculation and field observations
have similar conclusions: the residual cancellation due to passive mixing in the distribution
system is not an issue. Includes reference, figure.