在法国东部的洛林，铁矿排水被用作30万人的饮用水源。矿山的关闭和洪水导致原水水质严重恶化。水中硫酸盐从100-200 mg/l增加到500-1000 mg/l是由于黄铁矿（FeS2）的氧化。此外，它还伴随着硬度的增加。根据法国和欧洲标准，硫酸盐水平超过了250 mg/l的最大容许浓度（MAC），因此不适合饮用。纳滤是唯一允许同时软化和去除硫酸盐的工艺。初步研究表明，该工艺可去除90%至95%的硫酸盐和硬度。使用配备三级螺旋泵的100 m3/d（26420 gpd）装置的试验结果- 介绍了复合模块。结果表明，工艺回收率应限制在75%，以防止硫酸钙结垢。获得的结果导致了两座发电厂的设计和建设，每座发电厂的容量为2500 m3/d（0.66 mgd）。这些工厂于1995年初投产。本文介绍了全尺寸装置，并对启动结果进行了讨论。

Iron mine drainage water is used in Lorraine in east France, as a source of drinking water for 300,000 people. The closing and flooding of the mines has resulted in a significant degradation of raw water quality. The important increase in sulfates in water from 100-200 mg/l to 500-1,000 mg/l is due to the oxidation of the pyrites (FeS2). Moreover, it is accompanied by a rise in hardness. The sulfate level exceeds the Maximum Admissible Concentration (MAC) of 250 mg/l making the water unsuitable for consumption according to French and European standards. Nanofiltration is the only process allowing simultaneous softening and sulfates removal. Pilot studies demonstrated the feasibility of this process to remove 90 to 95% of sulfates and hardness. The results of the tests using a 100 m3/d (26,420 gpd) unit equipped with three stages of spiral-composite modules are presented. It is shown that process recovery should be limited to 75% to prevent calcium sulfate scaling. The results obtained have led to the design and construction of two plants with a capacity of 2,500 m3/d (0.66 mgd) each. These plants were commissioned early in 1995. The full-scale plant is described and the start-up results are discussed.