美国的目标是减少各种环境暴露的健康风险，因此需要评估饮用水中微生物暴露的风险。一种方法是定义和使用基于风险的概念框架和策略，包括系统地识别、分析、量化和描述这些微生物风险；将其与化学品，尤其是消毒剂及其副产品的风险进行比较；然后定义并实施风险管理计划，为消费者提供最低风险。 包括38篇参考文献，见图。

The US goal to reduce health risks from environmental exposures of all kinds has resulted in the need to assess the risks from exposure to microbes in drinking water. One way of doing this is to define and use a risk-based conceptual framework and strategy, which involves systematically identifying, analyzing, quantifying, and characterizing these microbial risks; comparing them with the risks from chemicals, especially disinfectants and their by-products; and then defining and implementing a risk management plan that presents the lowest risk to the consumer. Includes 38 references, figure.