工业制冷系统中的危险压力漂移事件可归因于冷凝引起的冲击和蒸汽推动的液体撞击。由于使用替代制冷剂和集中系统的行业趋势，以及由此产生的潜在危险制冷剂的更高局部体积，制冷系统中液压冲击的发生已成为一个关键问题。虽然人们对冷凝引起的冲击和蒸汽推动的液塞流的启动机制还不太清楚，但这些瞬态对系统维护、维修成本、系统停机时间和公共安全具有重要影响。本研究的目的是为系统设计人员和操作员提供避免这些瞬态的方法。这一目标是通过审查两相流流型、分析冷凝的一般原因和由此产生的压力波动来实现的- 通过对工业制冷系统中出现的临界流型的研究，发现了诱导冲击和蒸汽推动的液体段塞流。mis工作的目的是为系统设计人员和操作员提供避免这些瞬态的方法。主要目标是通过回顾两相流流型、分析冷凝诱导冲击和蒸汽推动液体段塞流的一般原因和产生的压力波动，以及研究工业制冷系统中出现的临界流型来实现的。第二章概述了两相流流型。本综述包括由于流动结构、替代流体和冷冻油混合物引起的流动模式变化。还讨论了流图在这些不同情况下预测流型的能力。

Dangerous pressure excursion incidents in industrial refrigeration systems have been attributed to condensation-induced shock and vapor-propelled liquid slugging. Because of industry trends towards the use of alternate refrigerants and centralized systems and the resulting higher localized volumes of potentially dangerous refrigerants, the occurrence of hydraulic shocks in refrigeration systems has become a critical issue. Although the initiating mechanisms of condensation-induced shock and vapor-propelled liquid slugging are not well understood, these transients have important implications on system maintenance, repair costs, system downtime, and public safety. The purpose of this research was to provide system designers and operators with methods for avoiding these transients. This objective was accomplished through the review of two-phase flow regimes, the analysis of the generic causes and resulting pressure surges of condensation-induced shock and vapor-propelled liquid slugging, and by the study of the critical flow regimes that occur in industrial refrigeration systems.The purpose of mis work is to provide system designers and operators with methods for avoiding these transients. The main objectives are accomplished by reviewing two-phase flow regimes, by analyzing the generic causes and resulting pressure surges of condensation-induced shock and vapor-propelled liquid slugging, and by studying the critical flow regimes that occur in industrial refrigeration systems. In Chapter 2, an overview of two-phase flow regimes is presented. This review includes the variations in flow patterns due to flow configurations, alternate fluids, and refrigerant-oil mixtures. The ability of flow maps to predict flow regimes under these various situations is also discussed.