吸入烟雾是建筑火灾中死亡的主要原因。为了提高火灾期间的生命安全，必须控制烟雾并使其远离建筑物内的居住者。在高层建筑中，强烈的烟囱效应会将烟雾吸入建筑内的竖井，污染逃生楼梯井和电梯井，从而加剧烟雾移动问题。如果能够控制烟雾，使烟囱效应发挥优势，出口路线保持无烟，那么居住者将有更大的机会避免火灾产生的烟雾影响。 本文研究了一种烟气控制策略，该策略包括使用电梯井作为排烟通道，并用足够的新鲜空气对楼梯井加压，以在建筑物的整个高度保持走火通道中的无烟状态。这种烟雾管理策略的实用性和有效性是通过使用一个不同的网络烟雾管理计算机程序来评估的，该程序模拟了烟雾在模拟火灾中的路径。通过将其结果与计算流体力学（CFD）软件工具FireDynamics Simulator（FireDynamics Simulator）的结果进行比较，对计算机程序进行了验证，以获得简单的建筑几何结构。 当使用一组合理的排放效率来计算通过建模建筑中各种开口的气体流量时，两个程序比较好。与提供CFD模拟所需的时间相比，差分网络模型量化了烟雾将采取的路径，并在显著减少计算时间的情况下确定了烟雾特性。火灾产生的烟雾自然会被引向电梯井，电梯井位于建筑物内压力最低的地方。 计算机结果表明，通过控制并通过电梯竖井的顶部通风口排出烟雾，可以将大量烟雾引导至远离乘客的位置。如果使用排气扇在电梯井顶部排烟，并使用增压风扇在楼梯井内保持无烟状态，则将产生一份学生消防安全计划。程序输出用于量化电梯排气量和楼梯间增压量，这对于在各种建筑几何结构和火灾条件下实现火灾期间的安全条件是必要的。 引文:2015年年度会议，佐治亚州亚特兰大，2015年交易，第121卷。2.

Smoke inhalation is the leading cause of death duringstructural fires. In order to improve life safety during a fire,smoke must be managed and kept away from building occupants.In high-rise buildings, the problem of smoke movementis compounded by a strong stack effect that draws smoke intothe vertical shafts within the building and contaminates thefire-escape stairwells as well as the elevator shafts. If thesmoke can be managed so that the stack effect can be used toadvantage and egress routes can be maintained smoke free,then occupants will have a greater opportunity to avoid theeffects of the smoke generated by the fire.This paper investigates a smoke control strategy thatinvolves using the elevator shafts as a route of smoke extractioncoupled with pressurizing the stairwells with sufficient freshair to maintain smoke-free conditions in the fire escapes for theentire height of the building. The practicality and efficacy ofthis smoke management strategy is evaluated by employing adifferential-network smoke management computer programthat simulates the paths that smoke will take during a simulatedfire. The computer program is verified by comparing its resultswith a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software tool,FireDynamics Simulator, for a simple building geometry. Bothprograms compare well when a reasonable set of dischargecoefficients is used to calculate the gas flows through variousopenings in the modeled building. The differential-networkmodel quantifies the paths that the smoke will take and determinesthe smoke properties with a significant reduction ofcomputational time when compared to the time required toprovide the CFD simulations.Smoke generated by the fire will naturally tend to gravitatetoward the elevator shafts, which exist at the lowest pressurewithin the building. Computer results show that large quantitiesof smoke can be directed away from occupants by controllingand exhausting the smoke through the top vent of theelevator shaft. If exhaust fans are used for smoke venting at thetop of the elevator shafts and pressurization fans are used tomaintain smoke-free conditions in the stairwells, then aprudent fire safety plan will result. The program output is usedto quantify the amount of elevator exhaust and stairwell pressurizationthat is necessary to achieve safe conditions duringthe fire for various building geometries and fire conditions.