在此之前，压力容器喷嘴的大部分研究和开发工作都是为了研究局部径向载荷和外部力矩对圆柱壳的影响，无论是否存在同时的内压。作为确定作用在球壳附件上的局部荷载效应的第一种方法，考虑了刚性圆柱嵌件受径向荷载或外部力矩的情况。利用扁球壳理论得到了直接解。数值结果用图表表示。同时，考虑到二阶效应，确定了同时内压的影响。与圆柱形容器相比，由同时内压引起的挠度和弯矩的减少似乎要小得多，这是由球壳的局部载荷引起的较小且更局部化的曲率造成的。

Up until this point in time, most of the research and development work on pressure vessel nozzles was directed at examining the effects of local radial loads and external moments on cylindrical shells, with and without simultaneous internal pressure. As a first approach to the determination of the effect of local loads acting upon attachments to spherical shells, the case of a rigid cylindrical insert, loaded by a radial load or an external moment, is considered. Direct solutions are obtained by using the theory of shallow spherical shells. The numerical results are presented in graphs. Also the influence of simultaneous internal pressure is determined, taking account of second order effects. It appears that the reduction of deflections and bending moments from simultaneous internal pressure is much less than for cylindrical vessels, which is caused by the smaller and more localized curvatures caused by local loading of spherical shells.