地下水和深湖水有可能成为季节性冷冻热储水库的巨大网络。这些蓄热器已被用作水-空气热泵和其他类型制冷机的散热器和热源（Brown等人，1988年。Radkliffe和Schabel，1986年。Kavanaugh，1987年）。在更有限的基础上，这些水库被直接用作冷冻水的来源（汤姆林森和坎恩堡1990年、布雷特和谢茨勒1984年、卡瓦诺1990年）。这些研究表明，即使在南方气候条件下，对建筑物回风进行预冷或完全冷却，也可以显著减少冷却能源的使用。可以采用各种方案，包括开环和闭环，将蓄水池与传统建筑空气连接起来- 以及水或所有水设备。预冷和直接冷却也可以并入在供暖季节具有核心冷却负荷的水循环热泵系统。介绍了一种确定直接冷却和预冷却水-空气（循环）盘管尺寸的通用方法。其次，介绍了将盘管与用于冷却和加热的水-空气热泵集成的可能方法。最后，提出了一种估算蓄水池和建筑物之间管道传热的方法（Kavanaugh 1991）。关键词:预冷、直接冷却、冷却器电池、热泵、水-空气热泵、加热、计算、热流、管道、湖泊、水热泵、地下水、水库、散热器、冷源、季节性蓄热、制冷机、节能、建筑、尺寸、水-空气热交换器引用: ASHRAE Trans。1992年，第98卷，第1部分，论文编号AN-92-11-110003-1008，图4。，3个标签。，裁判。

Groundwater and deep lake water can potentially serve as a vast network of seasonal chilled thermal storage reservoirs. These reservoirs have been used as heat sinks and sources for water-to-air heat pumps and other types of chillers (Brown et al. 1988. Radkliffe and Schabel 1986. Kavanaugh 1987). On a more limited basis, these reservoirs have been directly used as a source of chilled water (Tomlinson and Kannburg 1990. Brett and Schaetzle 1984. Kavanaugh 1990). These studies have shown that precooling or total cooling of building return air with water can substantially reduce cooling energy use even in southern climates. A variety of schemes, both open and closed loops, can be incorporated to link reservoirs to traditional building air-and-water or all water equipment. Precooling and direct cooling can also be incorporated into water-loop heat pump systems that have a core cooling load during the heating season. Presents a general approach for sizing the direct-cooling and precooling water-to-air (hydronic) coils. Secondly, covers possible methods of integrating the coils with water-to-air heat pumps for both cooling and heating. Finally, presents a method of estimating the heat transfer in the piping between the reservoirs and the building (Kavanaugh 1991).KEYWORDS: precooling, direct cooling, cooler batteries, heat pumps, water air heat pumps, heating, calculating, heat flow, pipes, lakes, water heat pumps, ground water, reservoirs, heat sinks, cold sources, seasonal heat storage, chillers, energy conservation, buildings, sizing, water air heat exchangers