本文对监管机构进行了比较 更严格的长期2强化地表水处理规则（LT2ESWTR）要求背后的理念，不仅仅是法规 根据美国环境保护局（USEPA）颁布的其他水处理规则管理常规过滤 过去20年，但也与美国环境保护局之前关于替代过滤技术的指导一致 根据1989年的《地表水处理规则》（SWTR），在该规则下 过滤在没有特定技术要求的情况下进行了监管，这可能会导致 由州首要机构设立。此外，支持和 反对将膜过滤保持在比介质过滤更严格的监管标准 （作为常规治疗的一部分）进行了介绍。 请注意，在本文中，膜过滤指的是微滤（MF）和 超滤（UF）技术。尽管LT2ESWTR和相关的膜过滤指导手册（MFGM）包括 根据膜过滤的定义，纳滤（NF）和反渗透（RO）是 与MF/UF不同的是，能够按照规定去除病原体的技术。 这些脱盐过程不是为去除固体而设计的。因此，这一讨论非常重要 仅限于使用MF和UF，通常用于类似于 使用介质过滤。包括6个参考文献、表格。

This paper compares the regulatory philosophy underlying the more rigorous Long Term 2 Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule (LT2ESWTR) requirements with not only the regulations governing conventional filtration under other U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) water treatment rules promulgated in the past 20 years, but also to previous USEPA guidance dealing with alternate filtration technologies under the 1989 Surface Water Treatment Rule (SWTR), the rubric under which membrane filtration has been regulated in the absence of technology-specific requirements that may be established by state primacy agencies. In addition, the most common arguments both for and against holding membrane filtration to a more rigorous regulatory standard than media filtration (as a component of conventional treatment) are presented. Note that for the purposes of this paper, membrane filtration refers to microfiltration (MF) and ultrafiltration (UF) technologies. Although the LT2ESWTR and associated Membrane Filtration Guidance Manual (MFGM) include nanofiltration (NF) and reverse osmosis (RO) under the definition of membrane filtration as technologies that are capable of removing pathogens in compliance with the rule, unlike MF/UF. These desalination processes are not designed for solids removal. Therefore, this discussion is limited to the use of MF and UF, which are generally utilized in applications analogous to those for which media filtration is employed. Includes 6 references, tables.