压力瞬变通常发生在配水系统中，有时 导致操作问题或系统故障。低压瞬变会导致 配电系统污染（如果存在潜在污染物排放途径） 进入系统。途径可能包括泄漏、空气阀和客户服务 连接。在系统设计期间，需要进行瞬态分析，以了解 压力瞬变的潜在大小，如有必要，确定它们如何 应该得到充分的控制。编制了瞬态水力分析计算机程序 需要评估系统中的潜在瞬态条件，并开发 压力瞬态控制策略。有许多设备和操作系统 可供液压工程师在开发瞬态时考虑的备选方案 控制策略。最佳替代方案通常取决于特性和 系统的瞬态约束。包括7个参考文献、图表。

Pressure transients commonly occur in water distribution systems and can sometimes cause operational problems or system failure. Low pressure transients can cause distribution system contamination if pathways exist for potential contaminants to enter the system. Pathways might include leaks, air valves, and customer service connections. Transient analyses are needed during system design to understand the potential magnitude of pressure transients and, if necessary, to determine how they should be adequately controlled. A transient hydraulic analysis computer program is required to evaluate potential transient conditions in the system and to develop pressure transient control strategies. There are numerous equipment and operational alternatives available for hydraulic engineers to consider when developing a transient control strategy. The best alternative typically depends on the characteristics and transient constraints of the system. Includes 7 references, figures.