1.1 本规程描述了使用水洗工艺进行可见液体渗透检测的程序。这是一种无损检测方法，用于检测表面开口的不连续性，如裂纹、接缝、搭接、冷隔、层压、孤立孔隙、泄漏或未熔合，适用于过程中、最终和维护检查。本规程可有效用于检查无孔金属材料（含铁和有色金属），以及非金属材料，如釉面或全致密陶瓷，以及某些无孔塑料和玻璃。 1.2 本规程还提供了以下参考: 1.2.1 一种参考，通过该参考可以审查使用水洗工艺的可见渗透检测程序，以确定其适用性和完整性。 1.2.2 用于制备处理可见水的工艺规范- 材料和零件的可清洗液体渗透检验。强烈建议用户和供应商就具体技术达成协议。 1.2.3 用于组织与液体渗透检测相关的设施和人员。 1.3 本规程未说明或建议评估所获得适应症的标准。然而，应注意的是，在显示产生后，必须对其进行解释或分类，然后进行评估。为此，必须有单独的代码、规范或特定协议，以定义被视为可接受和不可接受的显示的类型、尺寸、位置和方向。 1.3.1 鼓励用户使用必要的材料和加工参数来检测可能影响产品评估的类型或严重程度。 1.4 单位- 以英寸表示的值- 磅单位应视为标准单位。括号中给出的值是到国际单位制的数学转换，仅供参考，不被视为标准值。 1.5 申请依据- 本实践中的某些方面可能需要认可的工程组织和供应商之间的协议，或需要认可的工程组织的具体指导。这些区域确定如下: 1.5.1 渗透剂类型、方法和灵敏度， 1.5.2 接受/拒绝标准， 1.5.3 人员资格要求， 1.5.4 喷砂， 1.5.5 蚀刻 1.5.6 显示/不连续尺寸， 1.5.7 总处理时间，以及 1.5.8 零件标记。 1.6 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的用户有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.7 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 5.1 液体渗透检测方法表明检测到的不连续性的存在、位置以及在有限程度上的性质和大小。这种做法通常用于大量零件或结构的生产检验，重点是生产力。当广泛和受控的条件可用时，该实践提供了广泛的适用性。

1.1 This practice describes procedures for visible liquid penetrant examination utilizing the water-washable process. It is a nondestructive practice for detecting discontinuities that are open to the surface such as cracks, seams, laps, cold shuts, laminations, isolated porosity, through leaks or lack of fusion and is applicable to in-process, final, and maintenance examination. This practice can be effectively used in the examination of nonporous, metallic materials, both ferrous and nonferrous, and of nonmetallic materials such as glazed or fully densified ceramics, and certain nonporous plastics, and glass. 1.2 This practice also provides the following references: 1.2.1 A reference by which visible penetrant examination procedures using the water-washable process can be reviewed to ascertain their applicability and completeness. 1.2.2 For use in the preparation of process specifications dealing with the visible, water-washable liquid penetrant examination of materials and parts. Agreement between the user and the supplier regarding specific techniques is strongly recommended. 1.2.3 For use in the organization of the facilities and personnel concerned with the liquid penetrant examination. 1.3 This practice does not indicate or suggest criteria for evaluation of the indications obtained. It should be noted, however, that after indications have been produced, they must be interpreted or classified and then evaluated. For this purpose there must be a separate code, specification, or a specific agreement to define the type, size, location, and orientation of indications considered acceptable, and those considered unacceptable. 1.3.1 The user is encouraged to use materials and processing parameters necessary to detect conditions of a type or severity which could affect the evaluation of the product. 1.4 Units— The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. 1.5 Basis of Application— There are areas in this practice that may require agreement between the cognizant engineering organization and the supplier, or specific direction from the cognizant engineering organization. These areas are identified as follows: 1.5.1 Penetrant type, method and sensitivity, 1.5.2 Accept/reject criteria, 1.5.3 Personnel qualification requirements, 1.5.4 Grit blasting, 1.5.5 Etching, 1.5.6 Indication/discontinuity sizing, 1.5.7 Total processing time, and 1.5.8 Marking of parts. 1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 5.1 Liquid penetrant examination methods indicate the presence, location, and, to a limited extent, the nature and magnitude of the detected discontinuities. This practice is normally used for production examination of large volumes of parts or structures, where emphasis is on productivity. This practice offers a wide latitude in applicability when extensive and controlled conditions are available.