最近，美国和欧盟对家用热水器能效等级的测试程序进行了重大修订。澳大利亚、日本、韩国和中国也在修订或最近采用热水器测试程序。测试期间热水的抽取方式，包括抽取的时间、持续时间和体积，以及进水和出水温度，都会对热水器的效率产生很大影响。对于冷凝式燃气蓄热式热水器和热泵热水器等更高效的水加热技术来说尤其如此。一个好的测试标准应该使用一个反映热水器预期使用情况的绘图模式。美国（US）和欧盟（EU）的一个共同目标是，测试程序适用于各种类型和尺寸的热水器。 美国和欧盟的程序基于24小时模拟使用测试，并使用不同的绘图模式对不同容量的热水器进行评分。本文讨论了这些测试的相似性和重要差异。不幸的是，由于测试标准之间的差异，包括热水分接模式，比较测试结果可能很困难，如果不是不可能的话。引用:ASHRAE论文:2015年ASHRAE年会，伊利诺伊州芝加哥

Recently the United States and the European Union have made major revisions to their test procedures for rating the energy efficiency of residential water heaters. Water heater test procedures are also being revised or have recently been adopted in Australia, Japan, Korea, and China. How hot water is drawn during a test, including the timing, duration and volume of draws, along with the inlet and outlet water temperatures, can have a large impact on the efficiency of water heaters. This is particularly true for higher efficiency water heating technologies such as condensing gas-fired storage water heaters and heat pump water heaters. A good test standard should use a draw pattern that reflects the field usage the water heater would be expected to experience. A common goal of the United States (US) and the European Union (EU) is that the test procedures be applicable to the full range of types and sizes of water heaters. The US and EU procedures are based on a 24-hour simulated use test and use different draw patterns to rate water heaters with different capacities. Similarities, and important differences, of the tests are discussed in this paper. Unfortunately, because of differences between the test standards, including hot water tapping patterns, comparison of test results is likely to be difficult, if not impossible.