This article discusses how the 1996 amendments to the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) support source water protection by providing for state-supported voluntary incentive-based petition programs. Specifically discussed are the following US Department of Agriculture (USDA) programs which could be helpful in achieving effective petition programs: Conservation Reserve Program (CRP); Environmental Quality Incentives Program (EQIP); Wetlands Reserve Program (WRP); and, Wildlife Habitat Incentive Program (WHIP). The article also discusses buffer conservation areas as a means of reducing pollutants and sediment loading, and how utilities can become involved in implementing conservation programs. A brief history of source water protection is given. Includes 8 references, figure.