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Laboratory Considerations for DBP Studies DBP研究的实验室注意事项
发布日期: 1993-01-01
消毒副产品研究的成功部分取决于项目经理和实验室人员之间的沟通。本文解释了项目经理在决定应测量哪些DBP、应如何收集样本以及应由谁进行分析时需要知道的信息。DBP研究中包含的分析取决于公用事业的规模、监管要求和研究目的:是优化治疗还是进行台架或中试试验以评估治疗方案。虽然最近已经开发了许多监测DBP的方法(或仍在开发中),但这些方法中的大多数对实验室来说都是新的,需要采取严格的质量控制措施来确保测试正确进行。总结了一些方法的用途和现状。 一个常见的陷阱是没有为分析师提供足够的时间来学习分析方法;表中显示了大多数方法所需的交付周期。使DBP研究复杂化的一个因素是样品稳定性的不确定性。这可以通过保守的方法来克服:消除游离余氯,将样品放在冰上,并将其通宵快递至实验室。或者,可以通过根据EPA方法对样品进行脱氯和保存来克服。总结了各种DBP的方法。一个表格总结了一个库存充足、人员配备充足的实验室进行分析所需的时间。提供了一些确保获得良好数据的技巧——例如,安排采样以匹配实验室处理样本的能力。
The success of disinfection byproduct studies depends in part on communication between the project manager and laboratory personnel. This paper explains what information project managers need to know when deciding what DBPs should be measured, how the samples should be collected, and who should do the analyses. The analyses to be included in DBP studies depend on the size of the utility, regulatory requirements, and the purpose of the study: whether to optimize treatment or conducting bench or pilot scale tests to evaluate treatment options. While many methods have been recently developed (or are still being developed) for monitoring DBPs, most of these methods are new to laboratories, and strict quality control measures are needed to be sure that the tests are done correctly. The uses and status of a number of methods are summarized. A common pitfall is not providing analysts enough time to learn the analytical methods; a table shows the lead time needed for most methods. One factor that can complicate a DBP study is the uncertainty of sample stability. This can be overcome with the conservative approach: eliminating free residual chlorine, placing samples on ice, and shipping them overnight express to the laboratory. Or, it can be overcome by dechlorinating and preserving samples according to EPA methods. Methods for various types of DBPs are summarized. A table summarizes how long it should take a laboratory that is well stocked and staffed to perform the analyses. A number of tips to ensure good data are given--for example, scheduling sampling to match laboratory capacity for processing samples.
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发布单位或类别: 美国-美国给水工程协会
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