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An Integrated Approach to Mitigating Non-Point Sources of Salinity in a Drinking Water Source Water: A CALFED Program 缓解饮用水源中非点源盐度的综合方法:CALFED计划
发布日期: 2004-06-17
本文描述了一个由岩屑水质改善项目(Project)实施的多年多方面计划,该项目是CALFED计划的一个组成部分。该项目确定并量化了岩屑降解的来源,并针对岩屑制定了有效的水质改善计划, 这将解决非点问题 污染源。目标是开发一种可以在其他地方实施的方法和方案 在萨克拉门托圣华金湾三角洲解决类似问题。 该项目的第一阶段涉及对岩石剥落和 确定和量化水质退化的点源和非点源;开发一个 收集必要数据的采样计划,以更好地确定退化的来源;以及发展 水质建模工具。收集的数据还用于校准和比较模型模拟 并评估选定替代方案的影响。 根据监测结果,确定有两个重要的退化源/地区 沿着岩滩和运河。这两个地区在地理上是分离的,并且会发生退化 通过两种不同的机制。 基于撞击机制,结构和非结构 为了解决这两个问题,开发了替代方案。确定的备选方案分为三类: 农业排水系统(搬迁、处理和运行改造)和运河 (修改、操作变更和其他)。通过严格的筛选程序,11家农业公司 备选方案和九条运河备选方案被缩小为可行的三条,并确定了进一步的方案 在选择最终替代方案之前,通过建模评估水质改善情况。基于 对可行的结构方案进行建模评估,为每个来源选择一个最终项目进行评估 环境许可、设计和实施。 Fischer三角洲模型(FDM)是为海湾三角洲开发的一种水质模型,已应用于更精细的区域 对研究区域的决议,以评估各种替代方案的直接和间接影响。基于 在建模过程中,发现了残余流、潮汐晃动、屏障操作和其他三角洲操作 影响了PP1的预期盐度降低。预计选定的备选方案 将盐度浓度从5 mg/l降至35 mg/l。本文将介绍建模结果(流量和温度) 盐度)以及在PP1时的估计减少量。 该项目为三角洲地区如何解决与环境相关的非点源污染问题奠定了基础 盐度,因为三角洲水道的水质退化成为一个更大的问题。本文讨论了 岩石剥落项目的最后阶段,包括首选结构的选择和实施 以及非结构性缓解措施、建模结果(水质)、筛选标准、, 利益相关者/实施问题和未来监管考虑/影响。包括7个参考文献、表格、图表。
This paper describes a multi-year multifaceted program implemented by the Rock Slough Water Quality Improvement Project (Project), which is an integral part of the CALFED program. The program identifies and quantifies the sources of degradation at Rock Slough and develops an effective water quality improvement plan for Rock Slough, which would address non-point sources of pollution. The goal was to develop an approach and program that could be implemented elsewhere in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Bay Delta to address similar concerns. Phase 1 of the program involved implementing a comprehensive monitoring study of Rock Slough and the Canal to identify and quantify the point and non-point sources of water quality degradation; development of a sampling program to collect necessary data to better identify the sources of degradation; and the development of water quality modeling tools. The data collected was also used to calibrate and compare model simulation results and to assess the impacts of selected alternatives. Based on the monitoring results, it was identified that there are two significant sources/areas of degradation along Rock Slough and the Canal. These two areas are geographically separate and degradation occurs through two distinct mechanisms. Based on the mechanisms of impact, structural and nonstructural alternatives were developed to address these two sources. Alternatives identified fell into three categories for the agricultural drainage (Relocation, Treatment and Operational Modifications) and for the Canal (Modification, Operational Change and Other). Through a rigorous screening process the eleven agricultural alternatives and the nine Canal alternatives were narrowed down to a viable three and identified for further modeling to assess the improvement in water quality prior to selection of the final alternative. Based on the modeling evaluation of viable structural alternatives, a final project for each source was selected for environmental permitting, design and implementation. The Fischer Delta Model (FDM), a water quality model developed for the Bay Delta, was applied in finer resolution to the study area to assess the direct and indirect impacts of various alternatives. Based on the modeling, it was found that residual flows, tidal sloshing, barrier operations and other delta operations impacted the anticipated reduction in salinity entrained at PP1. It is anticipated that the selected alternatives will reduce salinity concentrations from 5 to 35 mg/l. The paper will present the modeling results (flow and salinity) and the estimated reduction in at PP1. This Project has set the stage in the Delta on how to address non-point source pollution issues related to salinity, as water quality degradation of Delta waterways becomes a bigger issue. This paper discusses the final phase of the Rock Slough project including the selection and implementation of the preferred structural and non-structural mitigation measures, the modeling results (water quality), screening criteria, stakeholder/implementation issues and future regulatory considerations/implications. Includes 7 references, tables, figures.
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发布单位或类别: 美国-美国给水工程协会
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