1.1 本试验方法涵盖了用于火花点火式汽油发动机的汽车发动机油（SAE等级0W、5W、10W、20、30、40和50以及多粘度等级）的评估。使用使用无铅燃料运行的化油器式火花点火协同润滑研究（CLR）机油试验发动机（在本试验方法中也称为序列VIII试验发动机）进行试验程序。评估机油在高温和恶劣使用条件下保护发动机和机油不变质的能力。该试验方法也可用于评价多粘度分级油的粘度稳定性。最新版本的规范中讨论了用于评估发动机机油性能以满足规范要求的配套试验方法 D4485 . 1.2 测试结果与汽车服务中获得的测试结果之间的相关性尚未确定。此外，本试验中获得的结果不一定表示在全尺寸汽车火花点火或压燃式发动机中，或在不同于试验条件下运行的发动机中获得的效果。该测试可用于将一种机油与另一种机油进行比较。 1.3 以国际单位制表示的数值应视为标准。本标准不包括其他计量单位。 1.3.1 例外情况-- 对于某些管道测量、螺纹规格和唯一来源的供应设备，以英寸磅为单位的数值应视为标准。 1.3.1.1 本文中的轴承磨损以克为单位进行测量，并描述为重量损失，这是一个非SI术语。 1.4 该试验方法安排如下: 主题 部分 介绍 范围 1. 参考文件 2. 术语 3. 试验方法总结 4. 测试开始前 4.1 电源部分安装 4.2 发动机操作（磨合） 4.3 发动机操作（测试/样品） 4.4 汽提粘度 4.5 测试完成（BWL） 4.6 意义和用途 5. 汽车机油的评价 5.1 留级能力 5.2 结果的相关性 5.3 使用 5.4 仪器 6. 股份有限公司测试工程。 6.1 预制或特制物品 6.2 仪器和控制 6.3 零部件采购 6.4 试剂和材料 7. 试剂 7.1 清洁材料 7.2 消耗力部分相关物品 7.3 动力部分冷却液 7.4 参考油 7.5 测试燃料 7.6 测试油样要求 8. 选择 8.1 视察 8.2 量 8.3 仪器的准备 9 试验台准备 9.1 功率段的调节试运行 9.2 一般电源部分重建说明 9.3 每次试验后功率段的重新调整 9.4 标定 10 电源部分和试验台校准 10.1 仪器校准 10.2 AFR测量设备的校准 10.3 扭矩扳手的校准 10.4 发动机操作程序 11 磨合和冲洗 11.1 测试操作条件 11.2 空燃比和火花提前 11.3 空气、废气和窜漏测量 11.4 非计划停机 11.5 机油取样和机油添加 11.6 定期测量 11.7 最终排油和油耗计算 11.8 操作有效性标准 11.9 测试完成 11.10 试验结果的确定 12 机油分析 12.1 测试轴承重量损失测定 12.2 汇报 13 精度和偏差 14 精确 14.1 偏见 14.2 ASTM圆角的使用 15 关键词 16 附件 ASTM测试监控中心组织机构 附件A1 ASTM测试监控中心:校准程序 附件A2 ASTM测试监控中心:维护活动 附件A3 ASTM测试监控中心:相关信息 附件A4 连杆轴承间隙的测量和 轴颈锥度 附件A5 主轴承间隙的测量 附件A6 活塞与套筒间隙的测量 附件A7 实验室严重程度的控制图技术 调整（SA） 附件A8 推荐的新缸套珩磨程序 附件A9 顺序VIII注油程序 附件A10 曲轴箱通气装置的替代配置 附件A11 连杆轴承清洁步骤 附件A12 电子点火转换 附件A13 系统响应程序 附件A14 空燃比测量 附件A15 铅净化程序 附件A16 曲轴后密封调节 附件A17 报表和数据字典 附件A18 保持等级机油分析程序 附件A19 附录 修复凸轮轴轴承轴颈的建议方法 附录X1 数据记录表 附录X2 1.5 本标准并不旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的使用者有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 在整个试验方法中提供了具体的预防说明。 1.6 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认的标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 5.1 本试验方法用于评估保护发动机免受轴承重量损失的汽车发动机油。 5.2 该试验方法也用于评估多粘度分级油的SIG性能。 5.3 测试结果与汽车服务中获得的测试结果之间的相关性尚未确定。 5.4 使用 序列VIII试验方法适用于发动机机油规格验收。它用于发动机润滑油的规格和分类，例如: 5.4.1 规格 D4485 . 5.4.2 API出版物1509发动机机油许可和认证系统。 7. 5.4.3 SAE分类J304。

1.1 This test method covers the evaluation of automotive engine oils (SAE grades 0W, 5W, 10W, 20, 30, 40, and 50, and multi-viscosity grades) intended for use in spark-ignition gasoline engines. The test procedure is conducted using a carbureted, spark-ignition Cooperative Lubrication Research (CLR) Oil Test Engine (also referred to as the Sequence VIII test engine in this test method) run on unleaded fuel. An oil is evaluated for its ability to protect the engine and the oil from deterioration under high-temperature and severe service conditions. The test method can also be used to evaluate the viscosity stability of multi-viscosity-graded oils. Companion test methods used to evaluate engine oil performance for specification requirements are discussed in the latest revision of Specification D4485 . 1.2 Correlation of test results with those obtained in automotive service has not been established. Furthermore, the results obtained in this test are not necessarily indicative of results that will be obtained in a full-scale automotive spark-ignition or compression-ignition engine, or in an engine operated under conditions different from those of the test. The test can be used to compare one oil with another. 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.3.1 Exceptions— The values stated in inch-pounds for certain tube measurements, screw thread specifications, and sole source supply equipment are to be regarded as standard. 1.3.1.1 The bearing wear in the text is measured in grams and described as weight loss, a non-SI term. 1.4 This test method is arranged as follows: Subject Section Introduction Scope 1 Referenced Documents 2 Terminology 3 Summary of Test Method 4 Before Test Starts 4.1 Power Section Installation 4.2 Engine Operation (Break-in) 4.3 Engine Operation (Test/Samples) 4.4 Stripped Viscosity 4.5 Test Completion (BWL) 4.6 Significance and Use 5 Evaluation of Automotive oils 5.1 Stay in Grade Capabilities 5.2 Correlation of Results 5.3 Use 5.4 Apparatus 6 Test Engineering, Inc. 6.1 Fabricated or Specially Prepared Items 6.2 Instruments and Controls 6.3 Procurement of Parts 6.4 Reagents and Materials 7 Reagents 7.1 Cleaning Materials 7.2 Expendable Power Section-Related Items 7.3 Power Section Coolant 7.4 Reference Oils 7.5 Test Fuel 7.6 Test Oil Sample Requirements 8 Selection 8.1 Inspection 8.2 Quantity 8.3 Preparation of Apparatus 9 Test Stand Preparation 9.1 Conditioning Test Run on Power Section 9.2 General Power Section Rebuild Instructions 9.3 Reconditioning of Power Section After Each Test 9.4 Calibration 10 Power Section and Test Stand Calibration 10.1 Instrumentation Calibration 10.2 Calibration of AFR Measurement Equipment 10.3 Calibration of Torque Wrenches 10.4 Engine Operating Procedure 11 Run-In and Flush 11.1 Test Operating Conditions 11.2 Air-Fuel Ratio and Spark Advance 11.3 Air, Off-Gas and Blowby Measurement 11.4 Unscheduled Shutdowns 11.5 Oil Sampling and Oil Addition 11.6 Periodic Measurements 11.7 Final Oil Drain and Oil Consumption Computation 11.8 Operational Validity Criteria 11.9 Test Completion 11.10 Determination of Test Results 12 Oil Analysis 12.1 Test Bearing Weight Loss Determination 12.2 Report 13 Precision and Bias 14 Precision 14.1 Bias 14.2 Use of ASTM Rounding 15 Keywords 16 ANNEXES ASTM Test Monitoring Center Organization Annex A1 ASTM Test Monitoring Center: Calibration Procedures Annex A2 ASTM Test Monitoring Center: Maintenance Activities Annex A3 ASTM Test Monitoring Center: Related Information Annex A4 Measurement of Connecting Rod Bearing Clearance and Journal Taper Annex A5 Measurement of Main Bearing Clearance Annex A6 Measurement of Piston-to-Sleeve Clearance Annex A7 Control Chart Technique for a Laboratory's Severity Adjustment (SA) Annex A8 Recommended New Liner Honing Procedure Annex A9 Sequence VIII Oil Priming Procedure Annex A10 Alternative Crankcase Breather Configuration Annex A11 Connecting Rod Bearing Cleaning Procedure Annex A12 Electronic Ignition Conversion Annex A13 System Response Procedure Annex A14 Air-Fuel Ratio Measurement Annex A15 Lead Decontamination Procedure Annex A16 Crankshaft Rear Seal Conditioning Annex A17 Report Forms and Data Dictionary Annex A18 Stay-in-Grade Oil Analysis Procedure Annex A19 APPENDIXES Suggested Method for Salvaging Camshaft Bearing Journals Appendix X1 Data Log Sheets Appendix X2 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are provided throughout this test method. 1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 5.1 This test method is used to evaluate automotive engine oils for protection of engines against bearing weight loss. 5.2 This test method is also used to evaluate the SIG capabilities of multiviscosity-graded oils. 5.3 Correlation of test results with those obtained in automotive service has not been established. 5.4 Use— The Sequence VIII test method is useful for engine oil specification acceptance. It is used in specifications and classifications of engine lubricating oils, such as the following: 5.4.1 Specification D4485 . 5.4.2 API Publication 1509 Engine Oil Licensing and Certification System. 7 5.4.3 SAE Classification J304.