1.1 本指南旨在帮助建立和维护烧结铁粉末冶金材料的蒸汽处理程序（也称为蒸汽发黑），以及这些材料的适当使用和评估。有关该工艺对含铁粉末冶金材料性能影响的其他信息，请参阅 附录X1 . 1.2 单位- 除用于确定密度的密度值和质量值外，使用克每立方厘米（g/cm 3. )而克（g）单位是长期的行业惯例，英寸-磅单位的数值应视为标准。括号中给出的值是到国际单位制的数学转换，仅供参考，不被视为标准值。 1.3 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的用户有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.4 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 5.1 蒸汽处理材料的性能和质量取决于蒸汽处理前材料的表面清洁度和处理的充分性。 蒸汽处理可以用作装饰涂层，产生蓝灰色到蓝黑色的外观。它可以降低含铁粉末冶金材料对进一步氧化和腐蚀的敏感性，从而提供更好的保质期。更重要的是，表观硬度、抗压强度、磨损特性和一些机械性能的改善（参见 附录X1 )可通过蒸汽处理观察到。磁铁矿（Fe）的硬度 3. O 4. )在蒸汽处理过程中形成的硬度通常相当于50 HRC，当存在于烧结材料中时，其耐磨性可以显著提高。蒸汽处理也用于密封零件或为附加涂层提供基材。蒸汽处理的含铁粉末冶金材料用于许多行业，包括汽车、船舶、家用电器、草坪和花园应用。

1.1 This guide is intended as an aid in establishing and maintaining a procedure for the steam treatment, also referred to as steam blackening, of sintered ferrous PM materials and the appropriate use and evaluation of these materials. Additional information concerning the effect of this process on ferrous PM material properties is contained in Appendix X1 . 1.2 Units— With the exception of the values for density and the mass used to determine density, for which the use of the gram per cubic centimetre (g/cm 3 ) and gram (g) units is the longstanding industry practice, the values in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 5.1 The performance and quality of steam-treated materials depends upon the surface cleanliness of the material prior to steam treatment and the adequacy of the processing. Steam treatment can be used as a decorative coating, producing a blue-gray to a blue-black appearance. It can reduce the susceptibility of ferrous PM materials to further oxidation and corrosion, thus providing better shelf life. More significantly, improvements in apparent hardness, compressive strength, wear characteristics, and some mechanical properties (see Appendix X1 ) can be observed due to steam treatment. The hardness of magnetite (Fe 3 O 4 ) formed during steam treatment is typically equivalent to 50 HRC, and when present in sintered materials, their wear resistance can be improved significantly. Steam treatment is also used to seal parts or provide a base material for additional coatings. Steam treated ferrous PM materials are used in many industries, including automotive, marine, home appliances, and lawn and garden applications.