配水系统负责通过数十公里的水管输送优质水。即使原水在源头经过彻底处理，病原微生物也可能进入该分配系统。氯在世界各地的饮用水系统中被广泛用作消毒剂。当氯通过分配系统中的管道时，它会腐烂，并与各种材料发生反应，从而降低其氯含量。然而，大多数供水商试图在供水系统内保持可检测的余氯，以尽量减少微生物生长的可能性。在埃及，农村地区通过一个紧凑的单元供应地下水或经处理的地表水。 对上埃及一个村庄的配水系统进行了研究，以评估氯剂量并追踪氯残留。该村的饮用水由一个小型处理厂生产，该处理厂处理尼罗河的原水。从配电网中采集了许多水样，并使用分光光度计进行分析，以测量氯浓度和其他质量参数。为了获得有用的见解，美国环境保护局开发了一个名为EPANET的计算机程序，将对氯的实地观察纳入其中。EPANET程序可以对任何管网配置进行水力和动态水质模拟。获得的模型用于评估添加到分配系统中的氯的适用剂量。 包括13个参考文献、表格、图表。

A water distribution system is responsible for delivering high quality water through tens of kilometers of water pipes. Pathogenic microorganisms may enter that distribution system even though the raw water was thoroughly treated at the source. Chlorine is widely used as a disinfectant in drinking water systems throughout the world. As chlorine travels through the pipes in the distribution system it decays and can react with a variety of materials that decrease its chlorine content. Nevertheless, most water suppliers attempt to maintain a detectable chlorine residual within the distribution system to minimize the potential for microbial growth. In Egypt, rural areas are supplied with groundwater or treated surface water throughout a Compact Unit. The water distribution system of a village located in Upper Egypt was studied to assess chlorine dose and to trace chlorine residuals. Drinking water in this village is produced by a compact treatment plant which treats raw water from the River Nile. Many water samples were collected from the distribution network and analyzed using a spectrophotometer to measure chlorine concentrations and other quality parameters. To obtain useful insight, field observations of chlorine have been incorporated into a computer program called EPANET developed by the US Environmental Protection Agency. The EPANET program can perform hydraulic and dynamic water quality simulations on any configuration of pipe networks. The obtained model was used to assess the applicable dose of chlorine added into the distribution system. Includes 13 references, table, figures.