1.1 这种做法 2. 包括材料渗透检验程序。渗透检测是一种无损检测方法，用于检测表面开放的不连续性，如裂纹、接缝、搭接、冷关、收缩、层压、贯穿泄漏或未熔合，适用于过程中、最终和维护检查。它可以有效地用于检测无孔、金属材料、黑色金属和有色金属，以及非金属材料，如无孔釉面或完全致密的陶瓷，以及某些无孔塑料和玻璃。 1.2 这一做法也提供了一个参考: 1.2.1 通过该方法，可以对单个组织推荐或要求的液体渗透检测工艺进行审查，以确定其适用性和完整性。 1.2.2 用于制定零件和材料的液体渗透检测工艺规范和程序。强烈建议客户同意进行渗透检测。该实践的所有领域都可以在认可的工程组织和供应商之间达成协议，或者由认可的工程机构提供具体指导。 1.2.3 用于组织与液体渗透检测相关的设施和人员。 1.3 本规程未说明或建议渗透检测显示的评估标准。然而，应该指出的是，在发现迹象后，必须对其进行解释或分类，然后进行评估。为此，必须有一个单独的代码、标准或特定协议来定义可接受和不可接受的指示的类型、大小、位置和方向。 1.4 单位-- 以国际单位制或英寸磅单位表示的数值应单独视为标准。每个系统中规定的值可能不是完全相等的；因此，每个系统应独立使用。将两个系统的值合并可能导致不符合标准。 1.5 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的使用者有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.6 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认的标准化原则制定的。 ===意义和用途====== 5.1 液体渗透检测方法表明检测到的不连续性的存在、位置以及在一定程度上的性质和大小。 每种渗透剂方法都是为特定用途而设计的，如关键服务项目、零件体积、便携性或局部检查区域。所选择的方法将相应地取决于被测零件或材料的设计和服务要求。

1.1 This practice 2 covers procedures for penetrant examination of materials. Penetrant testing is a nondestructive testing method for detecting discontinuities that are open to the surface such as cracks, seams, laps, cold shuts, shrinkage, laminations, through leaks, or lack of fusion and is applicable to in-process, final, and maintenance examinations. It can be effectively used in the examination of nonporous, metallic materials, ferrous and nonferrous metals, and of nonmetallic materials such as nonporous glazed or fully densified ceramics, as well as certain nonporous plastics, and glass. 1.2 This practice also provides a reference: 1.2.1 By which a liquid penetrant examination process recommended or required by individual organizations can be reviewed to ascertain its applicability and completeness. 1.2.2 For use in the preparation of process specifications and procedures dealing with the liquid penetrant testing of parts and materials. Agreement by the customer requesting penetrant testing is strongly recommended. All areas of this practice may be open to agreement between the cognizant engineering organization and the supplier, or specific direction from the cognizant engineering organization. 1.2.3 For use in the organization of facilities and personnel concerned with liquid penetrant testing. 1.3 This practice does not indicate or suggest criteria for evaluation of the indications obtained by penetrant testing. It should be pointed out, however, that after indications have been found, they must be interpreted or classified and then evaluated. For this purpose there must be a separate code, standard, or a specific agreement to define the type, size, location, and direction of indications considered acceptable, and those considered unacceptable. 1.4 Units— The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 5.1 Liquid penetrant testing methods indicate the presence, location, and to a limited extent, the nature and magnitude of the detected discontinuities. Each of the various penetrant methods has been designed for specific uses such as critical service items, volume of parts, portability, or localized areas of examination. The method selected will depend accordingly on the design and service requirements of the parts or materials being tested.