1.1 本试验方法描述了绘制的灰阶，以及通过与该灰阶进行比较，对非自发光材料的色差进行视觉评估时使用的程序。 1.2 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的用户有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.3 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 5.1 将两个非自发光样本之间的总感知色差作为两个中性灰色样本在灰度上的等效亮度差进行比较。提出了一个基本假设，即可以根据等效亮度差来评估总色差。仅评估总色差，即两个样本之间色调、亮度和色度差异的总和；本试验方法不适用于单独精确评估色差的色调、亮度和色度成分。 5.2 通过本试验方法确定的总色差取决于试样的均匀度和它们之间分界线的锐度。表面粗糙或斑驳的试样之间的色差似乎比表面光滑均匀的试样要小。因此，非均匀试样的等效CIELAB亮度差将小于均匀试样的等效CIELAB亮度差。同样，分界线不尖锐的样本的色差似乎比那些具有尖锐分界线的样本小，因此，视觉观察到的等效CIELAB亮度差异将小于从仪器测量中获得的色差。 5.2.1 颜色空间中黄蓝方向略有不同的颜色之间的物理尖锐边界看起来是漫反射的。发际线黑色分离显著增加了感知的色差。这种技术对这种微小差异进行了更严格的测试。 5.3 在CIELAB系统中，色差单位旨在表示三个属性中每个属性的相同视觉差异；明度、色调和色度或明度、红绿色、黄蓝色。通过与明度的比较来表达不仅仅是明度差异的色差是有效的- 差异量表。 5.4 使用配对灰阶评估色差的人员应使用指南中的程序进行色觉测试 E1499 .

1.1 This test method describes a painted gray scale and the procedure to be used in the visual evaluation of color differences of non-self luminous materials by comparison to this scale. 1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 5.1 The total perceived color difference between two non-self-luminous specimens is compared as an equivalent lightness difference between two neutral gray specimens on a gray scale. A fundamental assumption is made that the total color difference can be so evaluated in terms of an equivalent lightness difference. Only the total color differences, that is, a summation of the differences in hue, lightness, and chroma between two specimens is evaluated; this test method is not applicable to the separate precise evaluation of the hue, lightness, and chroma components of color difference. 5.2 The total color difference determined by this test method depends on the degree of uniformity of the specimens and on the sharpness of the dividing line between them. The color difference between specimens having rough or mottled surfaces appears smaller than it would if the specimens had smooth and uniform surfaces. Thus the equivalent CIELAB lightness difference determined for non-uniform specimens will be smaller than for uniform specimens. Likewise, specimens whose dividing line is not sharp will appear to have smaller color differences than those with sharp dividing lines, and for this reason, the equivalent visually observed CIELAB lightness differences will be smaller than the color differences obtained from instrumental measurements. 5.2.1 A physically sharp border between colors differing slightly in the yellow-blue direction in color space appears diffuse. The perceived color difference is noticeably increased by a hairline black separation. This technique imposes a more rigorous test of such small differences. 5.3 In the CIELAB system, a unit of color difference is intended to represent the same visual difference in each of the three attributes; lightness, hue and chroma or alternatively lightness, redness-greenness, yellowness-blueness. It is valid to express color differences that are not simply lightness differences by comparison to a lightness-difference scale. 5.4 Personnel to be employed in the evaluation of color differences with the paired gray scale should be tested for color vision using the procedures in Guide E1499 .