本文件确立了系统结构的一般原则，包括系统信息的结构。基于这些原则，给出了为任何系统中的对象制定明确参考名称的规则和指南。参考名称识别对象，以创建和检索关于对象的信息，以及在实现时关于其相应组件的信息。在组件上标记的参考名称是在不同类型的文档中查找有关该对象的信息的关键。这些原则是通用的，适用于所有技术领域（例如机械工程、电气工程、建筑工程、工艺工程）。 它们可以用于基于不同技术的系统，也可以用于结合多种技术的系统。本文件也是一份横向出版物，旨在供技术委员会根据IEC指南108中规定的原则编制与参考名称相关的出版物。IEC 81346-1:2022取消并取代了2009年发布的第一版。本版本构成技术修订版。与前一版相比，本版包括以下重大技术变更:a）范围包括参考IEC指南108作为横向出版物；b） 与IEC 81346-2:2019和ISO 81346-12:2018同步； c） 类型方面的介绍；d） 引入参考命名系统的信息模型；e） 引入参考命名系统框架的信息模型，以符合国际标准81346系列；f） 引入设计结构管理元数据建议；g） 介绍指定对象之间关系的规则和方法；h） 介绍国际标准81346系列特定部门的开发要求；i） 介绍将子对象合并到对象结构中的要求；j） 介绍国际标准81346系列应用文件的建议； k） 介绍了使用的新术语的定义；l） 添加新规则并修改现有规则；m） 与规则相关的注释转换为规范性文本，作为“规则nn的注释”。

This document establishes general principles for the structuring of systems including structuring of information about systems. Based on these principles, rules and guidance are given for the formulation of unambiguous reference designations for objects in any system. The reference designation identifies objects for the purpose of creation and retrieval of information about an object and, where realized, about its corresponding component. A reference designation labelled at a component is the key to finding information about that object among different kinds of documents. The principles are general and are applicable to all technical areas (for example mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, construction engineering, process engineering). They can be used for systems based on different technologies or for systems combining several technologies. This document is also a horizontal publication intended for use by technical committees in preparation of publications related to reference designations in accordance with the principles laid down in IEC Guide 108. IEC 81346-1:2022 cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2009. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: a) the scope includes a reference to IEC Guide 108 for being a horizontal publication; b) synchronization with IEC 81346-2:2019 and ISO 81346-12:2018; c) the introduction of the type aspect; d) introduction of an information model of the reference designation system; e) introduction of an information model for the framework of reference designation system to comply with International Standard 81346 series; f) introduction of recommendation for metadata for design structure management; g) introduction of rules and method for designation of relations between objects; h) introduction of requirements for development of sector-specific parts of the International Standard 81346 series; i) introduction of requirements for incorporation of sub-object in object structures; j) introduction of recommendations for documentation of the application of the International Standard 81346 series; k) introduced definition of new terms used; l) new rules added and existing rules modified; m) notes related to rules are converted to normative text as "Comment to Rule nn".