1.1 本试验方法描述了在受控条件下使用仪器划痕机产生和量化表面损伤的实验室程序。该测试方法能够通过测量许多重要的材料参数来表征聚合物的耐刮擦性。划痕诱导和数据采集过程是自动化的，以避免可能影响结果的用户影响效果。 1.2 以国际单位制表示的数值应视为标准值。括号中的值仅供参考。 1.3 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的用户有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 注1: 本标准等同于ISO 19252。 1.4 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 5.1 对试样进行划痕试验: (1) 为了评估特定材料的耐刮擦性， (2) 对不同材料的相对耐刮性进行排序，或 (3) 确定材料的划痕摩擦系数。 5.2 由于聚合物表现出强烈依赖于温度的机械性能，因此本文规定的测试标准旨在当用户在类似的测试环境下以及在经过相同调节程序的相同材料和表面纹理的样品上进行测试时，产生可再现的结果。 5.3 某些聚合物由于其粘弹性和松弛特性，在受到划痕和其他物理变形时具有自愈性（可恢复）。重要的是要注意瞬时（如果易于测量）和残余划痕损伤之间的差异，并适当比较结果，以确保再现性。 考虑残余划痕深度时，建议允许24小时的粘弹性恢复。 5.4 划痕表面的“白化”是一种关键的损伤机制，在表面美观很重要的汽车和其他应用中引起了广泛关注。这种类型的损坏是不可取的，因为肉眼可见。出现这种现象的临界法向载荷是对材料性能进行排名的基准，尤其是从美学角度来看。

1.1 This test method describes a laboratory procedure using an instrumented scratch machine to produce and quantify surface damage under controlled conditions. This test method is able to characterize the scratch resistance of polymers by measuring many significant material parameters. The scratch-inducing and data acquisition process is automated to avoid user-influenced effects that may affect the results. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values in parentheses are for information only. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Note 1: This standard is equivalent to ISO 19252. 1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 5.1 Scratch tests are performed on specimens: (1) to evaluate the scratch resistance of a particular material, (2) to rank the relative scratch resistance of different materials, or (3) to determine the scratch coefficient of friction of materials. 5.2 Since polymers exhibit mechanical properties that are strongly dependent on temperature, the test standard prescribed herein is designed to yield reproducible results when users perform tests under the similar testing environment and on specimens of the same material and surface texture that are subjected to the same conditioning procedures. 5.3 Certain polymers are self-healing (recoverable) when subjected to scratches and other physical deformations because of their viscoelastic and relaxation properties. It is important to note the difference between the instantaneous (if readily measurable) and residual scratch damage and compare results appropriately to ensure reproducibility. It is recommended that 24 hours be allowed for viscoelastic recovery when considering residual scratch depth. 5.4 “Whitening” of the scratched surface is a key damage mechanism that has prompted much concern in automotive and other applications where surface aesthetics is important. This type of damage is undesirable because it is evident to the human eye. The critical normal load at which this phenomenon appears serves as a benchmark in ranking material performance, especially from an aesthetic point of view.