1.1 本标准中描述的试验方法测量了在静态轴向压缩中加载时垂直或倾斜深基础的轴向挠度。这些方法适用于所有深层基础，此处称为桩，其功能类似于打入桩或灌注桩，无论其安装方法如何，并可用于测试单桩或桩组。测试结果可能无法代表深基础的长期性能。 1.2 本标准规定了在静态轴向压缩载荷下测试深基础的最低要求。 合格工程师编制的计划、规范和/或规定可提供满足特定测试计划目标所需的额外要求和程序。负责基础设计的工程师（以下简称“工程师”）应批准对本标准要求的任何偏差、删除或添加。 1.3 本标准允许以下测试程序: 程序A 快速测试 8.1.2 程序B 维护测试（可选） 8.1.3 程序C 负载超过维持试验（可选） 8.1.4 程序D 恒定时间间隔测试（可选） 8.1.5 程序E 恒定渗透速率试验（可选） 8.1.6 程序F 恒定移动增量测试（可选） 8.1.7 程序G 循环加载试验（可选） 8.1.8 1.4 此处指定为“可选”的仪器和程序可能会产生不同的测试结果，并且只有在工程师批准的情况下才能使用。“应”一词表示强制性规定，“应”一词表示建议或咨询性规定。 祈使句表示强制性规定。 1.5 合格的岩土工程师应解释从本标准程序中获得的测试结果，以预测建造基础中使用的桩的实际性能和充分性。看见 附录X1 有关影响测试结果解释的一些因素的评论。 1.6 合格工程师应设计并批准所有加载装置、加载构件、支撑架和测试程序。本标准的文本引用了提供解释材料的注释和脚注。 这些注释和脚注（不包括表和图中的注释和脚注）不应视为本标准的要求。本标准还包括仅供解释或咨询使用的插图和附录。 1.7 单位- 以国际单位制或英寸-磅单位表示的数值应单独视为标准值。每个系统中规定的值可能不是精确的等效值；因此，每个系统应相互独立使用。将两个系统的值合并可能会导致- 符合标准。 1.8 在处理英寸磅单位时，使用英寸磅单位的重力系统。在这个系统中，磅[lbf]表示力[重量]的单位，而质量的单位是段塞。除非涉及动态[F=ma]计算，否则未给出合理化的段塞单元。 1.9 所有观察值和计算值应符合实践中确定的有效数字和舍入准则 D6026 . 1.10 本标准中用于指定数据收集、计算或记录方式的方法与数据在设计或其他用途中或两者中的应用精度没有直接关系。 如何应用使用本标准获得的结果超出了其范围。 1.11 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的用户有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 第节给出了具体的预防说明 9 . 1.12 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 4.1 该试验方法将提供特定试验温度下特定失效载荷的失效时间、蠕变率和失效位移之间的关系，以及小于失效载荷的载荷在特定试验温度下的蠕变率和施加载荷之间的关系。 4.2 特定土壤温度下的桩设计可以通过将长期应力限制在长期强度以下或通过限制结构设计寿命内的容许沉降来控制。 本试验方法的目的是提供基本信息，岩土工程师可根据这些信息评估极限强度或长期沉降。 4.3 在不同于设计温度的特定地面温度下进行的桩试验得出的数据必须通过使用其他桩试验、实验室土壤强度试验或公布的相关性（如适用）的数据校正为设计温度，以提供适当的校正方法。 4.4 对于打入桩或灌浆桩，桩/土界面将发生故障。 对于泥浆桩，根据泥浆材料的强度和变形特性以及抗冻粘结强度，可能在桩/泥浆界面或泥浆/土壤界面发生破坏。在设计测试程序和解释测试结果时，必须考虑故障表面的位置。动态载荷必须单独评估。 注1: 应用本标准产生的结果的质量取决于执行该标准的人员的能力以及设备和设施的适用性。 符合实践标准的机构 D3740 通常认为能够胜任和客观的测试/采样/检查等。本标准的用户应注意遵守惯例 D3740 本身并不能保证可靠的结果。可靠的结果取决于许多因素；实践 D3740 提供了一种评估其中一些因素的方法。

1.1 The test methods described in this standard measure the axial deflection of a vertical or inclined deep foundation when loaded in static axial compression. These methods apply to all deep foundations, referred to herein as piles, that function in a manner similar to driven piles or cast-in-place piles, regardless of their method of installation, and may be used for testing single piles or pile groups. The test results may not represent the long-term performance of a deep foundation. 1.2 This standard provides minimum requirements for testing deep foundations under static axial compressive load. Plans, specifications, and/or provisions prepared by a qualified engineer may provide additional requirements and procedures as needed to satisfy the objectives of a particular test program. The engineer in responsible charge of the foundation design, referred to herein as the Engineer, shall approve any deviations, deletions, or additions to the requirements of this standard. 1.3 This standard allows the following test procedures: Procedure A Quick Test 8.1.2 Procedure B Maintained Test (Optional) 8.1.3 Procedure C Loading in Excess of Maintained Test (Optional) 8.1.4 Procedure D Constant Time Interval Test (Optional) 8.1.5 Procedure E Constant Rate of Penetration Test (Optional) 8.1.6 Procedure F Constant Movement Increment Test (Optional) 8.1.7 Procedure G Cyclic Loading Test (Optional) 8.1.8 1.4 Apparatus and procedures herein designated “optional” may produce different test results and may be used only when approved by the Engineer. The word “shall” indicates a mandatory provision, and the word “should” indicates a recommended or advisory provision. Imperative sentences indicate mandatory provisions. 1.5 A qualified geotechnical engineer should interpret the test results obtained from the procedures of this standard so as to predict the actual performance and adequacy of piles used in the constructed foundation. See Appendix X1 for comments regarding some of the factors influencing the interpretation of test results. 1.6 A qualified engineer shall design and approve all loading apparatus, loaded members, support frames, and test procedures. The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard. This standard also includes illustrations and appendixes intended only for explanatory or advisory use. 1.7 Units— The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. 1.8 The gravitational system of inch-pound units is used when dealing with inch-pound units. In this system, the pound [lbf] represents a unit of force [weight], while the unit for mass is slugs. The rationalized slug unit is not given, unless dynamic [F=ma] calculations are involved. 1.9 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice D6026 . 1.10 The method used to specify how data are collected, calculated, or recorded in this standard is not directly related to the accuracy to which the data can be applied in design or other uses, or both. How one applies the results obtained using this standard is beyond its scope. 1.11 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 9 . 1.12 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 4.1 This test method will provide a relationship between time to failure, creep rate, and displacement to failure for specific failure loads at specific test temperatures as well as a relationship between creep rate and applied load at specific test temperatures for loads less than failure loads. 4.2 Pile design for specific soil temperatures may be controlled by either limiting long-term stress to below long-term strength or by limiting allowable settlement over the design life of the structure. It is the purpose of this test method to provide the basic information from which the limiting strength or long-term settlement may be evaluated by geotechnical engineers. 4.3 Data derived from pile tests at specific ground temperatures that differ from the design temperatures must be corrected to the design temperature by the use of data from additional pile tests, laboratory soil strength tests, or published correlations, if applicable, to provide a suitable means of correction. 4.4 For driven piles or grouted piles, failure will occur at the pile/soil interface. For slurry piles, failure can occur at either the pile/slurry interface or the slurry/soil interface, depending on the strength and deformation properties of the slurry material and the adfreeze bond strength. Location of the failure surface must be taken into account in the design of the test program and in the interpretation of the test results. Dynamic loads must be evaluated separately. Note 1: The quality of the results produced by application of this standard is dependent on the competence of the personnel performing it, and the suitability of the equipment and facilities. Agencies that meet the criteria of Practice D3740 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing/sampling/inspection/etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Practice D3740 does not in itself assure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; Practice D3740 provides a means of evaluating some of those factors.