前言:注:在本标准及其所有部分的名称中，“ANSI/CSA C448”已更改为“ANSI/CSA/IGSHPA C448”。此更改适用于本系列中的所有引用。这是ANSI/CSA/IGSHPA C448系列《商业和住宅建筑地源热泵系统的设计和安装》的第一版。它取代了2013年和2002年出版的题为“地球能源系统的设计和安装”的前两个版本。ANSI/CSA/IGSHPA C448系列现在由以下部分组成: a） ANSI/CSA/IGSHPA C448。0、地源热泵系统的设计和安装——所有系统的通用应用；b） ANSI/CSA/IGSHPA C448。1、商业和机构建筑地源热泵系统的设计和安装；c） ANSI/CSA/IGSHPA C448。2、住宅和其他小型建筑地源热泵系统的设计和安装；d） ANSI/CSA/IGSHPA C448。3、安装垂直配置的闭环地源热泵系统；e） ANSI/CSA/IGSHPA C448。4、安装水平配置封闭式- 环形地源热泵系统；f） ANSI/CSA/IGSHPA C448。5.地表水（包括浸没式换热器）热泵系统的安装；g） ANSI/CSA/IGSHPA C448。6、地下水热泵系统开环系统安装；h） ANSI/CSA/IGSHPA C448。7、立柱式井式热泵系统的安装；安迪）ANSI/CSA/IGSHPA C448。8、直接膨胀式热泵系统的安装。ANSI/CSA/IGSHPA C448。0包含适用于ANSI/CSA/IGSHPA C448系列范围内任何系统的要求。ANSI/CSA/IGSHPA C448。 2对房屋和小型建筑有替代要求。适用于ANSI/CSA/IGSHPA C448范围内的系统。2，ANSI/CSA/IGSHPA C448。1或ANSI/CSA/IGSHPA C448。2。地下热能储存系统，以前包含在CSA C448下的本标准之前版本中。3已被删除，UTS特定信息已在ANSI/CSA/IGSHPA C448中分发、分发和包含。0和ANSI/CSA/IGSHPA C448。1.在适当的情况下。本版介绍了立柱井系统的要求。 CSA集团感谢美国俄亥俄州韦斯特维尔国家地下水协会允许使用ANSI/NGWA-01-14（水井施工标准）中的材料；以及美国俄克拉荷马州斯蒂尔沃特国际地源热泵协会，以获得其使用IGSHPAClosed loop/地热热泵系统设计和安装标准（2013年版）材料的许可---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ANSI/CSA/IGSHPA C448。 0-16-地源热泵系统的设计和安装-所有系统的通用应用范围:1.1本标准适用于a）直接膨胀地源热泵，适用于使用地源热交换器作为热源或散热器进行加热和/或冷却的系统，有或没有辅助热源；andb）用于所有系统的整体式单包或分体式系统液体源和地源热泵，使用地下水、浸没式热交换器或地埋式热交换器作为热源或水槽进行加热和/或冷却，有或没有辅助热源。 1.2本标准也适用于热能储存系统。1.3本标准适用于新建和翻新装置。1.4本标准涵盖了设备和材料选择、现场勘测、系统设计、安装、测试和验证、文件编制以及调试和退役的最低要求。1.5本标准适用于立式井地源热泵系统。1.6国际单位制给出的数值为本标准中的记录单位。括号中给出的值仅供参考和比较。 1.7在本标准中，“应”用于表示要求，即用户为遵守本标准而有义务满足的规定；“应该”用于表示建议或建议但不需要的建议；“可”用于表示一个选项或在标准范围内允许的选项。注释随附条款不包括要求或替代要求；随附条款的注释的目的是将解释性或信息性材料与文本分开。 表和图的注释被视为表或图的一部分，可以作为要求编写。附件被指定为规范性（强制性）或信息性（非强制性）来定义其应用------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ANSI/CSA/IGSHPA C448。1-16-商业和机构建筑地源热泵系统的设计和安装范围:ANSI/CSA C448第1条。0适用于本标准-------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ANSI/CSA/IGSHPA C448。2-16-住宅和其他小型建筑地源热泵系统的设计和安装范围:ANSI/CSA C448第1条。0适用于本标准------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ANSI/CSA/IGSHPA C448。3-16-垂直配置闭环地源热泵系统的安装范围: 1.1本标准适用于与地源热泵系统相连的垂直闭环地下热交换器，并用作加热和冷却应用的热源或散热器。ANSI/CSA C448中涵盖了用于连接直接膨胀地源热泵的垂直闭环地下热交换器。8.1.2本标准也适用于热能储存系统的垂直闭环地下换热器部分。1.3本标准涵盖了现场勘测、材料选择、安装、测试和验证、文件编制、调试和退役的最低要求。 1.4国际单位制给出的数值为本标准中的记录单位。括号中给出的值仅供参考和比较。1.5在本标准中，“应”用于表示要求，即用户为遵守本标准而有义务满足的规定；“应该”用于表示建议或建议但不需要的建议；“可”用于表示一个选项或在标准范围内允许的选项。注释随附条款不包括要求或替代要求； 随附条款的注释的目的是将解释性或信息性材料与文本分开。表和图的注释被视为表或图的一部分，可以作为要求编写。附件被指定为规范性（强制性）或信息性（非强制性）来定义其应用-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ANSI/CSA/IGSHPA C448。4-16-水平配置闭环地源热泵系统的安装范围: 1.1本标准适用于将连接至地源热泵系统并用作加热和冷却应用的热源或散热器的水平闭环地下热交换器。1.2本标准也适用于热能储存系统的水平闭环地下热交换器部分。1.3本标准涵盖了现场勘测、材料选择、安装、测试和验证、文件编制、调试和退役的最低要求。1.4以SI（公制）单位给出的数值为标准。 括号中给出的值仅供参考。1.5在本标准中，“应”用于表示要求，即用户为遵守本标准而有义务满足的规定；“应该”用于表示建议或建议但不需要的建议；“可”用于表示一个选项或在标准范围内允许的选项。注释随附条款不包括要求或替代要求；随附条款的注释的目的是将解释性或信息性材料与文本分开。 表和图的注释被视为表或图的一部分，可以作为要求编写。附件被指定为规范性（强制性）或信息性（非强制性）来定义其应用--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ANSI/CSA/IGSHPA C448。5-16-地表水（包括浸没式换热器）热泵系统的安装范围:1.1本标准适用于浸没式闭环换热器，该换热器将连接到地源热泵系统，并用作加热和冷却应用的热源或散热器。 1.2本标准涵盖了现场勘测、材料选择、安装、测试和验证、文件编制、调试和退役的最低要求。1.3以SI（公制）单位给出的数值为标准。括号中给出的值仅供参考。1.4在本标准中，“应”用于表示要求，即用户为遵守本标准而有义务满足的规定；“应该”用于表示建议或建议但不需要的建议； “可”用于表示一个选项或在标准范围内允许的选项。注释随附条款不包括要求或替代要求；随附条款的注释的目的是将解释性或信息性材料与文本分开。表和图的注释被视为表或图的一部分，可以作为要求编写。附件被指定为规范性（强制性）或信息性（非强制性）来定义其应用------------ -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ANSI/CSA/IGSHPA C448。6-16-开放式地下水系统的安装范围:1.1本标准适用于与地源热泵系统相连的开环热交换器，并用作供暖和制冷应用的热源或散热器。1.2本标准涵盖了现场勘测、材料选择、安装、测试和验证、文件编制、调试和退役的最低要求。 1.3以SI（公制）单位给出的数值为标准。括号中给出的值仅供参考。1.4在本标准中，“应”用于表示要求，即用户为遵守本标准而有义务满足的规定；“应该”用于表示建议或建议但不需要的建议；“可”用于表示一个选项或在标准范围内允许的选项。注释随附条款不包括要求或替代要求； 随附条款的注释的目的是将解释性或信息性材料与文本分开。表和图的注释被视为表或图的一部分，可以作为要求编写。附件被指定为规范性（强制性）或信息性（非强制性）来定义其应用____________________________________________________________________________ANSI/CSA/IGSHPA C448。7-16-立柱式井热泵系统的安装范围:1.1本标准适用于立柱式井（SCW）换热器，该换热器将连接至地源热泵系统，并用作供暖和制冷应用的热源或散热器。 1.2本标准也适用于热能传输系统的立柱式井式热交换器部分。1.3本标准涵盖了现场勘测、材料选择、安装、测试和验证、文件编制、调试和退役的最低要求。1.4在本标准中，“应”用于表示要求，即用户为遵守本标准而有义务满足的规定；“应该”用于表示建议或建议但不需要的建议； “可”用于表示一个选项或在标准范围内允许的选项。注释随附条款不包括要求或替代要求；随附条款的注释的目的是将解释性或信息性材料与文本分开。表和图的注释被视为表或图的一部分，可以作为要求编写。附件被指定为规范性（强制性）或信息性（非强制性）来定义其应用------------ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ANSI/CSA/IGSHPA C448。8-16-直接膨胀式热泵系统的安装范围:1.1本标准适用于直接膨胀式地源热泵，适用于使用地热交换器作为热源或散热器进行加热和冷却的系统，无论是否有辅助热源。1.2本标准适用于新建和翻新装置。1.3本标准涵盖了现场勘测、材料选择、安装、测试和验证、文件编制、调试和退役的最低要求。 1.4本标准适用于商业、机构和住宅应用。1.5以SI（公制）单位给出的值为标准值。括号中给出的值仅供参考。1.6在本标准中，“应”用于表示要求，即用户为遵守本标准而有义务满足的规定；“应该”用于表示建议或建议但不需要的建议；“可”用于表示一个选项或在标准范围内允许的选项。 注释随附条款不包括要求或替代要求；随附条款的注释的目的是将解释性或信息性材料与文本分开。表和图的注释被视为表或图的一部分，可以作为要求编写。附件被指定为规范性（强制性）或信息性（非强制性）来定义其应用。

Preface:Note:In the designation for this Standard, and for all of its parts, "ANSI/CSA C448" has been changed to "ANSI/ CSA/IGSHPA C448". This change applies to all references throughout this Series.This is the first edition of the binational ANSI/CSA/IGSHPA C448 Series,Design and installation of ground source heat pump systems for commercial and residential buildings. It supersedes the previous editions published in 2013 and 2002 under the title,Design and installation of earth energy systems.The ANSI/CSA/IGSHPA C448 Series now consists of the following parts:a) ANSI/CSA/IGSHPA C448.0,Design and installation of ground source heat pump systems — Generic applications for all systems;b) ANSI/CSA/IGSHPA C448.1,Design and installation of ground source heat pump systems for commercial and institutional buildings;c) ANSI/CSA/IGSHPA C448.2,Design and installation of ground source heat pump systems for residential and other small buildings;d) ANSI/CSA/IGSHPA C448.3,Installation of vertical configured closed-loop ground source heat pump systems;e) ANSI/CSA/IGSHPA C448.4,Installation of horizontal configured closed-loop ground source heat pump systems;f) ANSI/CSA/IGSHPA C448.5,Installation of surface water (including submerged exchangers) heat pump systems;g) ANSI/CSA/IGSHPA C448.6,Installation of open-loop systems ground water heat pump systems;h) ANSI/CSA/IGSHPA C448.7,Installation of standing column well heat pump systems; andi) ANSI/CSA/IGSHPA C448.8,Installation of direct expansion heat pump systems.ANSI/CSA/IGSHPA C448.0 contains requirements applicable to any system within the scope of the ANSI/CSA/IGSHPA C448 Series. ANSI/CSA/IGSHPA C448.2 has alternative requirements for houses and small buildings. For systems within the scope of ANSI/CSA/IGSHPA C448.2, either ANSI/CSA/IGSHPA C448.1 or ANSI/CSA/IGSHPA C448.2 may be followed. Underground thermal energy storage systems formerly, contained within previous editions of this Standard under CSA C448.3, has been removed with UTS-specific information distributed among amended, distributed among, and included within ANSI/ CSA/IGSHPA C448.0 and ANSI/CSA/IGSHPA C448.1, where appropriate. This edition introduces requirements for standing column well systems.CSA Group gratefully acknowledges the National Ground Water Association, Westerville, Ohio, USA for its permission to use material from ANSI/NGWA-01-14 (Water Well Construction Standard); and the International Ground Source Heat Pump Association, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA for its permission to use material from the IGSHPAClosed-loop/geothermal heat pump systems design and installation standards(2013 edition).---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ANSI/CSA/IGSHPA C448.0-16 -Design and installation of ground source heat pump systems — Generic applications for all systemsScope:1.1This Standard applies toa) direct expansion ground source heat pumps for systems using ground heat exchangers as a thermal source or sink for heating and/or cooling, with or without a supplementary heating source; andb) unitary single package or split system liquid source and ground source heat pumps for all systems using groundwater, submerged heat exchangers, or ground heat exchangers as a thermal source or sink for heating and/or cooling, with or without a supplementary heating source.1.2This Standard also applies to thermal energy storage systems.1.3This Standard applies to new and retrofit installations.1.4This Standard covers minimum requirements for equipment and material selection, site survey, system design, installation, testing and verification, documentation, and commissioning and decommissioning.1.5This Standard applies to standing column well ground source heat pump systems.1.6The values given in SI units are the units of record for the purposes of this Standard. The values given in parentheses are for information and comparison only.1.7In this Standard, "shall" is used to express a requirement, i.e., a provision that the user is obliged to satisfy in order to comply with the standard; "should" is used to express a recommendation or that which is advised but not required; and "may" is used to express an option or that which is permissible within the limits of the standard. Notes accompanying clauses do not include requirements or alternative requirements; the purpose of a note accompanying a clause is to separate from the text explanatory or informative material. Notes to tables and figures are considered part of the table or figure and may be written as requirements. Annexes are designated normative (mandatory) or informative (nonmandatory) to define their application.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ANSI/CSA/IGSHPA C448.1-16 -Design and installation of ground source heat pump systems for commercial and institutional buildingsScope:Clause 1 of ANSI/CSA C448.0 applies in this Standard.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ANSI/CSA/IGSHPA C448.2-16 -Design and installation of ground source heat pump systems for residential and other small buildingsScope:Clause 1 of ANSI/CSA C448.0 applies in this Standard.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ANSI/CSA/IGSHPA C448.3-16 -Installation of vertical configured closed- loop ground source heat pump systemsScope:1.1This Standard applies to vertical closed-loop ground heat exchangers that are to be connected to a ground source heat pump system and used as a thermal source or sink for heating and cooling applications. Vertical closed-loop ground heat exchangers that are intended for connection to a direct expansion ground source heat pump are covered under ANSI/CSA C448.8.1.2This Standard also applies to the vertical closed-loop ground heat exchanger portion of a thermal energy storage system.1.3This Standard covers the minimum requirements for site survey, material selections, installation, testing and verification, documentation, commissioning, and decommissioning.1.4The values given in SI units are the units of record for the purposes of this Standard. The values given in parentheses are for information and comparison only.1.5In this Standard, "shall" is used to express a requirement, i.e., a provision that the user is obliged to satisfy in order to comply with the standard; "should" is used to express a recommendation or that which is advised but not required; and "may" is used to express an option or that which is permissible within the limits of the standard. Notes accompanying clauses do not include requirements or alternative requirements; the purpose of a note accompanying a clause is to separate from the text explanatory or informative material. Notes to tables and figures are considered part of the table or figure and may be written as requirements. Annexes are designated normative (mandatory) or informative (nonmandatory) to define their application.-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ANSI/CSA/IGSHPA C448.4-16 -Installation of horizontal configured closed-loop ground source heat pump systemsScope:1.1This Standard applies to horizontal closed-loop ground heat exchangers that are to be connected to a ground source heat pump system and used as a thermal source or sink for heating and cooling applications.1.2This Standard also applies to the horizontal closed-loop ground heat exchanger portion of a thermal energy storage system.1.3This Standard covers the minimum requirements for site survey, material selections, installation, testing and verification, documentation, commissioning, and decommissioning.1.4The values given in SI (metric) units are the standard. The values given in the parentheses are for information only.1.5In this Standard, "shall" is used to express a requirement, i.e., a provision that the user is obliged to satisfy in order to comply with the standard; "should" is used to express a recommendation or that which is advised but not required; and "may" is used to express an option or that which is permissible within the limits of the standard. Notes accompanying clauses do not include requirements or alternative requirements; the purpose of a note accompanying a clause is to separate from the text explanatory or informative material. Notes to tables and figures are considered part of the table or figure and may be written as requirements. Annexes are designated normative (mandatory) or informative (nonmandatory) to define their application.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ANSI/CSA/IGSHPA C448.5-16 -Installation of surface water (including submerged exchangers) heat pump systemsScope:1.1This Standard applies to submerged closed loop heat exchangers, which are to be connected to a ground source heat pump system and used as a thermal source or sink for heating and cooling applications.1.2This Standard covers the minimum requirements for the site survey, material selections, installation, testing and verification, documentation, commissioning, and decommissioning.1.3The values given in SI (metric) units are the standard. The values given in the parentheses are for information only.1.4In this Standard, "shall" is used to express a requirement, i.e., a provision that the user is obliged to satisfy in order to comply with the standard; "should" is used to express a recommendation or that which is advised but not required; and "may" is used to express an option or that which is permissible within the limits of the standard. Notes accompanying clauses do not include requirements or alternative requirements; the purpose of a note accompanying a clause is to separate from the text explanatory or informative material. Notes to tables and figures are considered part of the table or figure and may be written as requirements. Annexes are designated normative (mandatory) or informative (nonmandatory) to define their application.-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ANSI/CSA/IGSHPA C448.6-16 -Installation of open ground water systemsScope:1.1This Standard applies to open-loop heat exchangers which are to be connected to a ground source heat pump system and used as a thermal source or sink for heating and cooling applications.1.2This Standard covers the minimum requirements for site survey, material selections, installation, testing and verification, documentation, commissioning, and decommissioning.1.3The values given in SI (metric) units are the standard. The values given in the parentheses are for information only.1.4In this Standard, "shall" is used to express a requirement, i.e., a provision that the user is obliged to satisfy in order to comply with the standard; "should" is used to express a recommendation or that which is advised but not required; and "may" is used to express an option or that which is permissible within the limits of the standard. Notes accompanying clauses do not include requirements or alternative requirements; the purpose of a note accompanying a clause is to separate from the text explanatory or informative material. Notes to tables and figures are considered part of the table or figure and may be written as requirements. Annexes are designated normative (mandatory) or informative (nonmandatory) to define their application.____________________________________________________________________________ANSI/CSA/IGSHPA C448.7-16 -Installation of standing column well heat pump systemsScope:1.1This Standard applies to standing column well (SCW) heat exchangers which are to be connected to a ground source heat pump system and used as a thermal source or sink for heating and cooling applications.1.2This Standard also applies to the standing column well heat exchanger portion of a thermal energy transfer system.1.3This Standard covers the minimum requirements for site survey, material selections, installation, testing and verification, documentation, commissioning, and decommissioning.1.4In this Standard, "shall" is used to express a requirement, i.e., a provision that the user is obliged to satisfy in order to comply with the standard; "should" is used to express a recommendation or that which is advised but not required; and "may" is used to express an option or that which is permissible within the limits of the standard. Notes accompanying clauses do not include requirements or alternative requirements; the purpose of a note accompanying a clause is to separate from the text explanatory or informative material. Notes to tables and figures are considered part of the table or figure and may be written as requirements. Annexes are designated normative (mandatory) or informative (nonmandatory) to define their application.-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ANSI/CSA/IGSHPA C448.8-16 -Installation of direct expansion heat pump systemsScope:1.1This Standard applies to direct expansion ground source heat pumps for systems using ground heat exchangers as a thermal source or sink for heating and cooling, with or without a supplementary heating source.1.2This Standard applies to new and retrofit installations.1.3This Standard covers the minimum requirements for site surveys, material selections, installation, testing and verification, documentation, commissioning, and decommissioning.1.4This Standard applies for commercial, institutional, and residential applications.1.5The values given in SI (metric) units are the standard. The values given in the parentheses are for information only.1.6In this Standard, "shall" is used to express a requirement, i.e., a provision that the user is obliged to satisfy in order to comply with the standard; "should" is used to express a recommendation or that which is advised but not required; and "may" is used to express an option or that which is permissible within the limits of the standard. Notes accompanying clauses do not include requirements or alternative requirements; the purpose of a note accompanying a clause is to separate from the text explanatory or informative material. Notes to tables and figures are considered part of the table or figure and may be written as requirements. Annexes are designated normative (mandatory) or informative (nonmandatory) to define their application.