1.1 在这种热解气相色谱/质谱（Py-GC/MS）测试方法中，描述了一种专门用于分析具有高至低悬浮固体的水的分析方案。该测试方法将使水中有机聚合物颗粒和纤维的鉴定和同时定量标准化。它专为所有微塑料颗粒和纤维而设计，适用于处理过的饮用水、地表水、废水流入和流出（二级和三级）以及海水。该试验方法不限于这些特定的水基质；但是，应证明该试验方法对其他水性基质的适用性。 1.2 在600下热解（Py）微克量的含有微塑料的样品 °C。 热解产物在分析柱（GC）上分离，并使用70eV电子碰撞质谱仪（MS）进行检测。聚合物通常具有相似的热解图，这使得很难将给定聚合物的热解产物与复合样品的热解产物区分开来。在该测试方法中，比较了在预定保留时间下的离子比率，以便于识别含有微塑料的样品中存在的每种聚合物。 1.3 此测试方法将与实践结合使用 D8332 , D8333 和 D8402 这些ASTM国际标准能够收集和制备具有高、中或低悬浮固体的水样，用于识别和定量微塑料颗粒和纤维，而不会损害微塑料的完整性。 该测试方法适用于微塑料纤维和颗粒，包括定义为纳米颗粒的尺寸；这是该测试方法的自然扩展，因为Py-GC/MS技术对样品的总质量的响应与单个颗粒尺寸无关。颗粒尺寸的均匀性影响热解图的再现性，含有微塑料的样品应减少为最终颗粒尺寸直径小于0.2mm的细粉末。 1.4 用户有责任确保该测试方法对未测试矩阵的有效性。 1.5 单位-- 以国际单位制表示的数值应视为标准。本标准不包括其他计量单位。 1.6 本标准并不旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。 本标准的使用者有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.7 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认的标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 5.1 初步研究已经确定聚合物有机化合物是经处理的饮用水、废水、地表水、地下水和海水中的污染物。这些聚合物可能对环境有害，并对人类健康产生不利影响，在这些情况下，通常需要进行质量估计。 一种通用的分析方法将有助于规范来自世界各地的数据，并更好地了解在各种气候和地质位置最常见的聚合物 ( 5. 7. ) 热解气相色谱/质谱法（Py-GC/MS）具有许多优点，因为通过色谱分离结合质谱分析可以容易地完成聚合物鉴定和质量定量。

1.1 In this pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) test method, an analytical protocol validated specifically for the analysis of water with high to low suspended solids is described. This test method will standardize the identification and simultaneous quantitation of organic polymer particles and fibers in water. It has been designed for and applies to all microplastic particles and fibers, and is intended for use with treated drinking water, surface waters, wastewater influent and effluent (secondary and tertiary), and marine waters. This test method is not limited to these particular water matrices; however, the applicability of this test method to other aqueous matrices shall be demonstrated. 1.2 Microgram quantities of a sample containing microplastics are pyrolyzed (Py) at 600 °C. The pyrolyzates are separated on an analytical column (GC) and detected using a 70-eV electron impact mass spectrometer (MS). Polymers often have similar pyrograms, making it difficult to differentiate the pyrolyzates for a given polymer from those of the composite sample. In this test method, ion ratios at predetermined retention times to facilitate the identification of each polymer present in a sample containing microplastics are compared. 1.3 This test method is to be used in conjunction with Practices D8332 , D8333 , and D8402 . These ASTM International standards enable the collection and preparation of water samples with high, medium, or low suspended solids for the identification and quantification of microplastic particles and fibers without compromising the integrity of the microplastics. This test method is applicable to microplastic fibers and particles, including sizes defined as a nanoparticle; this is a natural extension of this test method because Py-GC/MS technology responds to the total mass of the sample independent of individual particle sizes. The uniformity of particle size influences the reproducibility of the pyrogram and samples with microplastics should be reduced to a fine powder with the final particle size diameter on the order of less than 0.2 mm. 1.4 It is the responsibility of the user to ensure the validity of this test method for untested matrices. 1.5 Units— The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 5.1 Preliminary studies have identified polymeric organic compounds as contaminants in treated drinking water, wastewater, surface water, ground water, and marine waters. These polymers may be harmful to the environment and adversely affect human health, and in these circumstances, mass estimation is commonly required. A universal, analytical method will help to normalize data from around the world and better understand which polymers are most frequently found in various climatic and geological locations ( 5- 7 ) . Pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) has many advantages in that both polymer identification and mass quantification can be easily accomplished by chromatographic separation in combination with mass spectral analysis.