1.1 许多不同类型的微生物（例如，细菌、真菌、病毒、藻类）可以占据室内空间。支持微生物生长的材料是可能成为空气中室内生物污染物的生物污染物（例如孢子和毒素）的潜在室内来源。本指南介绍了一种简单、相对经济有效的方法，以评估各种材料使用小腔室方法支持微生物生长的能力。 1.2 本指南旨在帮助小组制定特定材料或材料组的特定测试方法。 1.3 静室有一定的局限性。通常，只能对室内材料的小样本进行评估。必须注意这些样品代表被测试材料，以便对材料进行真实评估。 1.4 静态室提供受控的实验室微环境条件。这些室不用于复制房间条件，在解释结果时必须小心。 静态室不能代替动态室或现场研究。 1.5 使用这些室可以评估各种微生物，特别是细菌和真菌。本指南无意提供人类健康影响数据。然而，临床感兴趣的生物，例如那些被描述为潜在过敏性的生物，可以使用这种方法进行研究。 1.6 以国际单位制表示的值应视为标准值。本标准不包括其他测量单位。 1.7 本标准并不旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的使用者有责任在使用前建立适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.8 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《国际标准、指南和建议制定原则决定》中确立的国际公认标准化原则制定的。 =====意义和用途====== 4.1 静态室有几种不同的应用: 4.1.1 静态室可用于比较不同材料在特定条件下对各种微生物定殖和扩增的敏感性。 4.1.2 在高相对湿度下操作的试验室可用于对材料进行最坏情况下的筛选试验，方法是提供环境条件有利于微生物生长的环境。 4.1.3 使用具有不同环境参数（例如相对湿度范围）的多个室，可以评估多个微环境，并可以在不同环境条件下调查材料。 4.1.4 也可研究湿润材料的干燥要求。该信息可能与确定材料在变湿后对微生物生长的抗性有关。这些条件可以模拟材料通过泄漏以及在火灾后修复建筑物期间受到水侵入的情况。 4.1.5 还可以研究材料上微生物的生长速率。一旦确定生物体能够在特定条件下在特定材料上生长，就可以对生物体的生长速度进行调查。这些评估提供了基线信息，可用于评估限制或抑制微生物扩增的方法。 4.2 这些技术应由受过微生物学培训的人员执行。个人必须能够使用无菌技术，这对于排除材料的外部污染至关重要。

1.1 Many different types of microorganisms (for example, bacteria, fungi, viruses, algae) can occupy indoor spaces. Materials that support microbial growth are potential indoor sources of biocontaminants (for example, spores and toxins) that can become airborne indoor biopollutants. This guide describes a simple, relatively cost effective approach to evaluating the ability of a variety of materials to support microbial growth using a small chamber method. 1.2 This guide is intended to assist groups in the development of specific test methods for a definite material or groups of materials. 1.3 Static chambers have certain limitations. Usually, only small samples of indoor materials can be evaluated. Care must be taken that these samples are representative of the materials being tested so that a true evaluation of the material is performed. 1.4 Static chambers provide controlled laboratory microenvironment conditions. These chambers are not intended to duplicate room conditions, and care must be taken when interpreting the results. Static chambers are not a substitute for dynamic chambers or field studies. 1.5 A variety of microorganisms, specifically bacteria and fungi, can be evaluated using these chambers. This guide is not intended to provide human health effect data. However, organisms of clinical interest, such as those described as potentially allergenic, may be studied using this approach. 1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 4.1 The static chambers have several different applications: 4.1.1 The static chambers can be used to compare the susceptibility of different materials to the colonization and amplification of various microorganisms under defined conditions. 4.1.2 Chambers operated at high relative humidities may be used to perform worst case scenario screening tests on materials by providing an atmosphere where environmental conditions may be favorable for microbial growth. 4.1.3 Use of multiple chambers with different environmental parameters, such as a range of relative humidities, permits the evaluation of multiple microenvironments and allows investigation of materials under differing environmental conditions. 4.1.4 Drying requirements for wetted materials may also be investigated. This information may be relevant for determining material resistance to microbial growth after becoming wet. These conditions may simulate those where materials are subjected to water incursion through leaks as well as during remediation of a building after a fire. 4.1.5 Growth rates of microorganisms on the material may also be investigated. Once it has been established that organisms are able to grow on a particular material under defined conditions, investigations into the rate of organism growth may be performed. These evaluations provide base line information and can be used to evaluate methods to limit or contain amplification of microorganisms. 4.2 These techniques should be performed by personnel with training in microbiology. The individual must be competent in the use of sterile technique, which is critical to exclude external contamination of materials.