1.范围1。1概述本指南提供了政策制定的方向；确定常见活动、方面和影响；提供目标和指标样本；确定典型的培训要求；并包含跟踪进度的清单。尽管每个工厂都有自己独特的配置，但任何生产汽车零部件的组织都应在本指南中找到有助于建立自己的环境管理体系（EMS）的章节。本指南是与APMA和成员公司协商制定的，以确保其重点关注APM行业的优先事项和需求。 尽管本指南试图尽可能全面，但也应参考ISO标准14001和14004。1.2结构本指南的主要主题如下:（a）第2节提供了ISO 14001及其实施中使用的关键术语的定义；（b） 第3节介绍了APMA焦点小组提出的问题，并讨论了主要关注的问题，包括ISO 14000系列的背景、监管合规与自愿合规的问题，以及ISO 14001和ISO 9000（QS 9000）之间的关系；（c） 第4节讨论了实施过程中涉及的步骤，以及通常涉及的成本和进度； （d） 第5节描述了差距分析和目的，并就如何使用差距分析制定实施ISO 14001的行动计划提供了指导；（e） 第6节描述了环境政策所需的主要要素。还提供了一个示例策略；（f） 第7节讨论了环境因素和影响、法律要求、目标和指标，并就如何制定环境管理计划提供了指导；（g） 第8节详细介绍了ISO 14001计划的实施、建立环境管理结构、培训要求、文件要求、沟通、重大环境影响控制程序，以及应急准备和预防要求； （h） 第9节提供了一个系统，以确保对环境管理体系进行监控，并确定和实施任何必要的纠正措施；（i） 第10节概述了EMS高级管理评审的要求；（j）附录A-C提供了其他出版物和信息源的注释汇编，用于实施ISO 14001计划。1.3与ISO标准14001的协调本指南的结构遵循一般要求，以及ISO 14001中定义的环境管理体系的五个关键要素。第6节- 10依次处理每个要素:（a）环境政策（ISO 14001，第4.2节）；（b） 规划（ISO 14001，第4.3节）；（c） 实施和运行（ISO 14001，第4.4节）；（d） 检查和纠正措施（ISO 14001第4.5节）；和（e）管理评审（ISO 14001，第4.6节）。

1. Scope1.1General This Guide provides direction on policy development; identifies common activities, aspects, and impacts; provides sample objectives and targets; identifies typical training requirements; and contains a checklist to track progress. Although each facility has its own configuration that makes it unique, any organization that manufactures automotive parts should fi nd sections of this Guide helpful in establishing its own environmental management system (EMS).This Guide has been developed in consultation with the APMA and member companies to ensure that it focuses on the priorities and needs of the APM sector.Although this Guide attempts to be as comprehensive as possible, ISO Standards 14001 and 14004 should also be consulted.1.2Structure The main topics of this Guide are as follows: (a) Section 2 provides definitions of key terms used in ISO 14001 and its implementation; (b) Section 3 presents the issues raised at the APMA focus group and discusses issues of primary concern, including the background of the ISO 14000 series, the issue of regulatory compliance versus voluntary conformance, and the relationship between I SO 14001 and ISO 9000 (QS 9000); (c) Section 4 discusses the steps involved in implementation, as well as the cost and schedule typically involved; (d) Section 5 provides a description of a gap analysis and purpose, and provides guidance on how to use a gap analysis to develop an action plan to implement ISO 14001; (e) Section 6 provides a description of the main elements required in an environmental policy. A sample policy is also provided; (f) Section 7 provides a discussion of environmental aspects and impacts, legal requirements, and objectives and targets, and provides gu idance on how to set up an environmental management program; (g) Section 8 provides details on the implementation of an ISO 14001 program, setting up an environmental management structure, training requirements, documentation requirements, communication, cont rol procedures for significant environmental impacts, and requirements for emergency preparedness and prevention; (h) Section 9 provides a system for ensuring that the EMS is monitored and that any required corrective action is identified and implemented; (i) Section 10 offers a summary of the requirements for senior mana gement review of the EMS; and (j) Appendices A-C provide an annotated compilation of other publications and information sources for use in implementing an ISO 14001 program.1.3Coordination with ISO Standard 14001 This Guide is structured to follow the general requirements, as well as the five key elements of an EMS, as defined in ISO 14001. Sections 6-10 deal with each element in turn: (a) environmental policy (ISO 14001, Section 4.2); (b) planning (ISO 14001, Section 4.3); (c) implementation and operation (ISO 14001, Section 4.4); (d) checking and corrective action (ISO 14001, Section 4.5); and (e) management review (ISO 14001, Section 4.6).