美国大多数商用地源热泵（GSHP）系统都采用分布式配置。这些系统通过中央泵送系统使水或防冻液通过多个热泵机组循环，中央泵送系统通常使用变速泵。变速泵具有显著降低泵送能耗的潜力；然而，由于泵送系统设计和控制不当，实际节约的能源可能远远低于其潜力。本文采用动态Modelica模型对一个简化的循环泵送系统进行了仿真，以评估三种不同的泵送控制策略。泵送控制策略包括两种常规控制策略:一种策略是在供水和回水总管上保持恒定压差，另一种策略是在最远的液压远程热泵上保持恒定压差。 还有一种创新的控制策略，根据每个热泵的需求调整系统流量。模拟结果表明，在部分负载条件下，当控制变速泵以维持管道系统的供水和回水干管上的恒定压差时，会出现明显的溢流。另一方面，在部分负荷条件下，当控制变速泵以保持最远热泵的压差恒定时，会出现底流。基于流量需求的控制可以在任何给定时间为每个热泵提供所需的流量，并且比两个常规控制使用的泵送能量更少。最后，对一个典型的分布式地源热泵系统进行了研究，以评估基于流量需求的抽水控制策略的节能潜力。该案例研究表明，使用该流量可将年泵送能耗降低64%- 与使用传统的基于压力的控制相比，基于需求的控制可以在供水和回水总管上保持恒定的压差。引用:2016年年度会议，密苏里州圣路易斯，2016年交易，第122卷。2.

Most commercial ground-source heat pump (GSHP) systems in the United States are in a distributed configuration. These systems circulate water or an anti-freeze solution through multiple heat pump units via a central pumping system, which usually uses variable-speed pumps. Variable speed pumps have potential to significantly reduce pumping energy use; however, the energy savings in reality could be far lower than its potential due to improper pumping system design and controls. In this paper, a simplified hydronic pumping system was simulated with the dynamic Modelica models to evaluate three different pumping control strategies. The pumping control strategies include two conventional control strategies: one strategy is to maintain a constant differential pressure across either the supply and return mains and the other is to maintain a constant differential pressure at the most hydraulically remote heat pump. There is also an innovative control strategy that adjusts system flow rate based on the demand of each heat pump. The simulation results indicate that a significant overflow occurs at part-load conditions when the variable-speed pump is controlled to maintain a constant differential pressure across the supply and return mains of the piping system. On the other hand, an underflow occurs at part-load conditions when the variable-speed pump is controlled to maintain a constant differential pressure across the furthest heat pump. The flow-demand-based control can provide needed flow rate to each heat pump at any given time and with less pumping energy use than the two conventional controls. Finally, a typical distributed GSHP system was studied to evaluate the energy saving potential of applying the flow-demand-based pumping control strategy.This case study shows that the annual pumping energy consumption can be reduced by 64% using the flow-demand-based control compared withusing the conventional pressure based control to maintain a constant differential pressure across the supply and return mains.