1.1 本指南涵盖了法医物理配合检查，用于对破碎、撕裂或分离的材料进行宏观和微观检查，以确定它们是否曾经连接在一起形成单个物体。本指南旨在概述这些材料的身体健康检查过程，并帮助个人评估和记录其身体比较。 1.2 本标准旨在供受过必要正规教育和特定学科培训的合格法医学从业者使用（见实践 E2917 )，并表现出执行法医案件工作的熟练程度。 1.3 以国际单位制表示的数值应视为标准。本标准不包括其他计量单位。 1.4 本标准并不旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的使用者有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.5 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认的标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 5.1 本指南可以帮助审查员选择和组织一个通用分析方案，用于评估和记录潜在物理匹配材料的物理比较。材料的类型和尺寸会影响评估物理配合所需的确切步骤和设备。评估、记录和解释都是身体健康检查的重要组成部分。 5.2 本指南阐述了玻璃、骨架材料、聚合物、胶带和纺织品物理配合分析的特殊注意事项。 5.3 文献中描述了法医学中身体健康检查的基础，包括对不同材料分形的研究以及身体健康检查在法医案件中的应用 ( 1. 12 ) . 5.4 本指南无意介绍有关断裂、撕裂、切割或其他分离方法的机制的综合理论。这些信息可从培训课程和参考资料中获得，如《实践》 C1256 和其他 ( 3. 7. , 13 ) .

1.1 This guide covers the forensic physical fit examinations for the macroscopical and microscopical examinations of broken, torn, or separated materials for the purpose of determining whether or not they were once joined together to form a single object. This guide is intended as an overview of the process for the physical fit examination of these materials and to assist individuals in the evaluation and documentation of their physical comparisons. 1.2 This standard is intended for use by competent forensic science practitioners with the requisite formal education, discipline-specific training (see Practice E2917 ), and demonstrated proficiency to perform forensic casework. 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 5.1 This guide can assist the examiner in selecting and organizing a general analytical scheme for the evaluation and documentation of physical comparisons of materials for a potential physical fit. The type and size of material influences the exact steps and equipment needed to assess the physical fit. Evaluation, documentation, and interpretation are all important parts of a physical fit examination. 5.2 This guide addresses special considerations for physical fit analysis for glass, skeletal material, polymers, tapes and textiles. 5.3 Foundations of physical fit examination in forensic science are described in the literature, including studies on the fractography of different materials and the use of physical fit examinations in forensic casework ( 1- 12 ) . 5.4 It is not the intention of this guide to present comprehensive theories regarding the mechanism of fractures, tearing, cutting, or other methods of separation. This information is available from training courses and reference materials such as Practice C1256 and others ( 3- 7 , 13 ) .