使用亚利桑那州图森市三家供水公司的数据，运行了两个住宅用水需求模型，以估计用水对价格、家庭收入以及各种社会经济和气候变量变化的响应。三家公用事业公司都检查了服务费的可用性，最大的公用事业公司使用了递增的阻塞率和季节性费率。由于文献中对这些条件下价格的适当规格存在分歧，因此使用传统的平均值和平均值对需求模型进行了估计- 价格变量和边际价格加上费率溢价。讨论了节水定价的几个原则以及供水设施需求管理的其他方面。本研究强烈表明，价格、收入和社会经济变量显著影响居民用水决策，而关于保护需求的宣传影响较小。包括9个参考文献、表格、图表。

Two models of residential water demand were run with data from three water utilities in the Tucson, Arizona metropolitan area to estimate the response of water use to variations in price, household income, and a variety of socioeconomic and climatic variables. All three utilities examined imposed availability-of-service charges, and the largest utility used increasing-block rates and seasonal rates. Because of disagreement in the literature about the proper specification of price under these conditions, demand models were estimated using both the traditional average-price variable and the marginal price plus rate premium. Several principles of conservation pricing and other aspects of demand management for water utilities are discussed. The presented research strongly suggests that price, income, and socio-economic variables significantly influence residential water-use decisions and that publicity about the need for conservation has a minor impact. Includes 9 references, tables, figures.