1.1 本指南涵盖了在实验室中离线测量固体颗粒（粉末）材料的粒径和粒径分布分析的许多可用技术的使用。它不适用于在线分析，也不适用于液滴或液体气溶胶的分析。本指南旨在作为粉末/颗粒技术专家描述其材料特性的资源。 1.2 本指南提供了大量可用粒度分析方法的重要细节。虽然本指南内容广泛，但可能并不全面。 1.3 列出并描述了每种包括的粒度分析技术的操作原理、适用范围、具体要求（如有）和局限性，以便本指南的用户可以选择最有用和最有效的技术来表征其特定材料的粒度分布。 1.4 以国际单位制表示的数值应视为标准值。本标准不包括其他计量单位。 1.5 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的用户有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.6 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 4.1 现代人可以使用的无数粒度分析技术- day粉末技术专家既令人畏惧又令人困惑。许多技术仅适用于某些类型的材料，并且在粉末粒度方面的适用范围都很有限。本指南旨在描述和定义每种可用技术的适用性，以便粉末技术专家和其他对粉末感兴趣的人员在表征其材料时做出知情和适当的选择。 4.2 本指南旨在确定表征特定粉末材料粒度分布的最佳和最有效方法。它还可用于确定报告的粉末粒度或粒度分布是否以适当且有意义的方式获得。 4.3 大多数粒度分析技术根据“等效球形直径”报告粒度: 在相同条件下，在分析过程中以与（通常形状不规则）实际颗粒相同的方式检测到的相关材料的理想球形颗粒的直径。根据不同的工作原理，不同的技术必须使用不同的等效球面直径定义。然而，在分析细长颗粒时，应测量与预期应用最相关的尺寸参数；例如，长度（最大尺寸）。 4.4 所报告的粒度测量是实际尺寸或形状因子或两者的函数，以及被测量粒子的特定物理或化学特性。当比较在不同物理或化学参数或不同粒度测量范围下运行的仪器的数据时，需要谨慎。 样品采集、处理和制备也会影响报告的粒度结果。

1.1 This guide covers the use of many available techniques for particle size measurement and particle size distribution analysis of solid particulate (powder) materials, off-line in a laboratory. It does not apply to in-line (on-line) analysis, nor to analysis of liquid droplets or liquid aerosols. The guide is intended to serve as a resource for powder/particle technologists in characterizing their materials. 1.2 This guide provides significant detail regarding the numerous particle size analysis methods available. Although this guide is extensive, it may not be all inclusive. 1.3 The principle of operation, range of applicability, specific requirements (if any), and limitations of each of the included particle size analysis techniques are listed and described, so that users of this guide may choose the most useful and most efficient technique for characterizing the particle size distribution of their particular material(s). 1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 4.1 The myriad array of particle size analysis techniques available to the modern-day powder technologist is both daunting and confusing. Many of the techniques are applicable only to certain types of materials, and all have limited ranges of applicability with respect to powder particle size. This guide is an attempt to describe and define the applicability of each of the available techniques, so that powder technologists, and others interested in powders, may make informed and appropriate choices in characterizing their materials. 4.2 This guide is intended to be used to determine the best and most efficient way of characterizing the particle size distribution of a particular powder material. It may also be used to determine whether a reported powder particle size, or size distribution, was obtained in an appropriate and meaningful way. 4.3 Most particle size analysis techniques report particle size in terms of an “equivalent spherical diameter”: the diameter of an ideal spherical particle of the material of interest that would be detected in the same manner during analysis as the (usually irregular-shaped) actual particle under the same conditions. The different techniques must necessarily use different definitions of the equivalent spherical diameter, based on their different operating principles. However, when analyzing elongated particles, the size parameter most relevant to the intended application should be measured; for example, length (maximum dimension). 4.4 Reported particle size measurement is a function of both the actual dimension or shape factor, or both, as well as the particular physical or chemical properties of the particle being measured. Caution is required when comparing data from instruments operating on different physical or chemical parameters or with different particle size measurement ranges. Sample acquisition, handling, and preparation can also affect reported particle size results.