1.1 本试验方法涵盖生物柴油产品中脂肪酸甲酯（FAME）和石油馏出物成分的分析和鉴定。 1.2 本试验方法适用于识别碎屑样品提取物或液体样品中生物柴油产品的成分。 1.3 确定FAME的特定来源或混合生物柴油的比例需要额外分析，不在本试验方法的范围内。 1.4 本测试方法不能取代通过适当教育、培训和经验获得的必要知识、技能或能力，应与良好的专业判断结合使用。 1.5 以国际单位制表示的数值应视为标准值。 本标准不包括其他计量单位。 1.6 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的用户有责任在使用前制定适当的安全和健康实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 ====意义和用途====== 4.1 本试验方法专门鉴定生物柴油产品中的脂肪酸甲酯和石油馏出物。衍生化不是识别FAME的必要条件。 4.1.1 当怀疑生物柴油产品是火灾或燃料产品案例中的燃料源时，该测试方法很有用，并且需要识别燃料的“生物”部分。 4.1.2 在火灾现场样本中识别生物柴油可以支持现场调查员关于火灾起源和原因的意见，或提供调查线索。 4.1.3 在分配容器或油箱的燃油样本中识别生物柴油可以支持现场调查员在燃油产品篡改调查中的发现。 4.2 可以使用顶空提取技术和GC-MS在碎屑样品中识别FAME。 4.2.1 可能需要溶剂萃取来进一步识别和表征生物柴油中的FAME含量。 4.2.2 FAME和石油柴油的存在是生物柴油产品的有力标志，因为FAME不是自然发生的。 4.3 生物柴油产品可以通过气相色谱法在液体样品中进行鉴定- 适当的溶剂稀释或萃取后的MS。 4.4 生物柴油有不同的混合物，其中B100是100%的生物柴油（通常是100%的酯交换植物油或回收的餐厅油脂），B2是2%的生物柴油和98%的石油柴油，两者之间有所不同。 4.5 该测试方法是一种敏感技术，可检测碎屑样品提取物中的生物柴油残留量，最小为7μL。 4.6 同时提取碎屑样品中存在的干扰化合物可能会妨碍本试验方法。 4.7 根据使用的提取方法，这可能是一种破坏性技术，只要可能，整个样品都不应用于该程序。样品的溶剂提取部分不适合重新采样。 4.8 存在其他提取或分析方法，可能适合用于获得类似的结果和结论。

1.1 This test method covers the analysis and identification of the fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) and petroleum distillate components of biodiesel products. 1.2 This test method is suitable for identifying the components of biodiesel products in extracts of debris samples or in liquid samples. 1.3 The identification of a specific source of the FAMEs or the proportion of the blend of biodiesel requires additional analysis and is beyond the scope of this test method. 1.4 This test method cannot replace the requisite knowledge, skills, or abilities acquired through appropriate education, training, and experience and should be used in conjunction with sound professional judgment. 1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. ====== Significance And Use ====== 4.1 This test method specifically identifies fatty acid methyl esters and petroleum distillates found in biodiesel products. Derivatization is not necessary to identify FAMEs. 4.1.1 This test method is useful when biodiesel products are suspected as a fuel source in a fire or a fuel product case and the identification of the “bio” portion of the fuel is of interest. 4.1.2 The identification of biodiesel in samples from a fire scene can support the field investigator’s opinion regarding the origin and cause of the fire or provide investigative leads. 4.1.3 The identification of biodiesel in a sample of fuel from a dispensing container or fuel tank can support the field investigator’s findings in a fuel product tampering investigation. 4.2 FAMEs can be identified in debris samples using headspace extraction techniques and GC-MS. 4.2.1 Solvent extraction may be required to further identify and characterize the FAME content in biodiesel. 4.2.2 The presence of FAMEs and petroleum diesel is a strong indication of a biodiesel product, as FAMEs are not naturally occurring. 4.3 Biodiesel products can be identified in liquid samples by GC-MS after appropriate solvent dilution or extraction. 4.4 Biodiesel is available in different blends, where B100 is 100 % biodiesel (typically 100 % transesterified vegetable oils or recycled restaurant greases) and B2 is 2 % biodiesel and 98 % petroleum diesel, with variations in between. 4.5 This test method is a sensitive technique and can detect quantities as small as 7 μL of biodiesel residue in an extract from a debris sample. 4.6 This test method can be hampered by coincident extraction of interfering compounds present in the debris samples. 4.7 Depending on the extraction method used, this could be a destructive technique and whenever possible the entire sample should not be used for the procedure. Solvent extracted portions of the sample are not suitable for resampling. 4.8 Alternate methods of extraction or analysis exist and may be suitable for use in obtaining similar results and conclusions.