斯威特沃特管理局（SWA）拥有并运营罗伯特·A·珀杜水处理厂 工厂（WTP），一个30 mgd的常规过滤工厂，位于加利福尼亚州圣地亚哥县。 测试臭氧、强化混凝、二氧化氯（ClO2）、MIEX和 浸没式微滤/超滤（MF/UF），SWA已确定氯 二氧化碳和膜过滤应该是管理局的未来。这篇论文 记录了SWA对两种浸入式MF/UF进行的为期五个月的试验结果 膜系统，概述了SWA的决策过程，以及 重点介绍了初步成本估算和设计中的一些重要经验教训 这个项目的各个阶段。 Perdue水处理厂能够处理两个水源水，即当地的地表水 甜水水库（SWR）（平均总有机碳=6.5 mg/L，溴化物含量高达 0.5 mg/L）和圣地亚哥县水务局（CWA）的输水管道水（平均TOC =2.5 mg/L，低溴）。SWA目前使用游离氯和钾 高锰酸钾被添加到原水中，并在分配系统中使用氯胺。 然而，三卤甲烷（THMs）的过量生成是未来的一个潜在问题 遵守第2阶段消毒副产品（DBP）规则，使用位置 年平均值。在洪水期间处理当地水库的水时 高径流量，分配系统中THM的形成可能超过120 ppb， 典型的配电系统值在60到80 ppb范围内。 试验研究了二氧化氯、溶解气浮（DAF）和二氧化氯的各种组合 常规絮凝/沉淀（floc/sed）作为废水的预处理工艺 MF/UF膜。除了监测DAF的性能，floc/sed 工艺和膜系统；进行了模拟配电系统（SDS）测试 每周对膜滤液进行一次，以估计消毒副产物 （DBP）形成。 以DAF为预处理，两种浸没式膜系统都提供了 流量超过35美国加仑/平方英尺/天（gfd）时的可靠水质 在需要进行膜清洗前至少30天内，水回收率约为95% （CIP）。根据这些初步结果，通量增加到40 gfd以上 常规絮凝/沉淀预处理效果更好。膜 高通量条件下的性能好坏参半，但提供了有价值的设计信息。SWA还举行了一系列同行评审会议，分析此次和之前的研究结果 测试。大家一致认为，二氧化氯、DAF或絮状物/悬浮物会被淹没 MF/UF膜代表了SWA的最佳工艺组合，并有可能用于 其他有类似水质问题的机构。西南航空公司已经开始设计一台40米高的飞机 升级至二氧化氯和浸入式MF/UF膜。包括3个参考文献、图表。

Sweetwater Authority (SWA) owns and operates the Robert A. Perdue Water Treatment Plant (WTP), a 30 mgd conventional filtration plant located in San Diego County, CA. After testing ozone, enhanced coagulation, chlorine dioxide (ClO2), MIEX and submerged microfiltration/ultrafiltration (MF/UF), SWA has, determined that chlorine dioxide and membrane filtration should be in the Authority's future. This paper documents the results of SWA's five-month pilot testing of two submerged MF/UF membrane systems, presents an overview of SWA's decision-making process, and highlights some important lessons learned in the preliminary cost estimating and design phases of this project. The Perdue WTP has the ability to treat two source waters, local surface water from Sweetwater Reservoir (SWR) (average total organic carbon = 6.5 mg/L, bromide up to 0.5 mg/L) and San Diego County Water Authority (CWA) aqueduct water (average TOC = 2.5 mg/L, low bromide). SWA currently applies free chlorine and potassium permanganate to the raw SWR water and uses chloramines in the distribution system. However, excessive trihalomethanes (THMs) formation is a potential concern for future compliance with the Stage 2 Disinfection Byproducts (DBP) Rule using the Locational Running Annual Average. When treating water from the local reservoir during periods of high runoff, THM formation could potentially exceed 120 ppb in the distribution system, with typical distribution system values in the 60 to 80 ppb range. The testing investigated various combinations of ClO2, dissolved air flotation (DAF), and conventional flocculation/sedimentation (floc/sed) as pretreatment processes to the MF/UF membranes. In addition to monitoring the performance of the DAF, floc/sed process, and the membrane systems; simulated distribution system (SDS) testing was performed on the membrane filtrate on a weekly basis to estimate disinfection by-product (DBP) formation. With DAF as pretreatment, both of the submerged membrane systems tested provided reliable water quality at fluxes above 35 U.S. gallons per square foot per day (gfd), with water recoveries around 95%, for at least 30 days before the need for membrane clean-inplace (CIP). Based on these initial results, the flux rates were increased to above 40 gfd and higher with conventional flocculation/sedimentation pretreatment. Membrane performance under the higher flux conditions was mixed but provided valuable design information. SWA also held a series of peer review meetings to analyze the results of this and previous testing. The consensus was that chlorine dioxide, DAF or floc/sed, and submerged MF/UF membranes represent the best process combination for SWA and potentially for other agencies with similar water quality concerns. SWA has begun design of a 40 mgd upgrade to ClO2 and submerged MF/UF membranes. Includes 3 references, figures.