本文介绍了四种商用地热和水循环热泵系统的实测建筑负荷数据，并讨论了确定地下循环换热器尺寸的意义。这四栋建筑包括两栋威斯康星州的办公楼（带有水循环热泵）、纽约州北部的一家地热酒店和田纳西州东部的一所地热高中。这些建筑都使用多个热泵，面积从27000到161600平方英尺（2500到15000平方米）。所有四栋建筑的监测数据都收集了12个多月。 数据显示，所有建筑的负荷差异很大，只有38%至57%的已安装热泵在峰值冷却条件下同时运行。建筑荷载中的多样性意味着基于“拇指法则”的循环设计考虑了安装吨位而不是峰值多样化或块负载。来自这些建筑物的数据也证实了冷负荷驱动回路尺寸要求，因为峰值排热负荷至少比吸热负荷大70%。 尽管建筑应用和地理位置存在很大差异，但根据建筑面积标准化的峰值、月度和年度测量的散热负荷惊人地相似。4小时的峰值散热负荷范围为15至30 Btu/h-ft2（550至1110 W/m2）。办公室和酒店的年散热负荷范围为25200至27300 Btu/年ft2（286至310 MJ/年m2）。在这所高中，夏季上课时冷负荷较轻，每年的散热负荷为14800 Btu/年- 平方英尺（168兆焦耳/年平方米）。单元:双引文:研讨会，ASHRAE交易，第105卷，第。1999年2月2日，西雅图

This paper presents measured building load data from four commercial geothermal and water loop heat pump systems and discusses the implications for sizing ground loop heat exchangers. The four buildings include two Wisconsin office buildings with water loop heat pumps, a geothermal hotel in Upstate New York, and a geothermal high school in Eastern Tennessee. The buildings all use multiple heat pumps and range in size from 27,000 to 161,600 square feet (2,500 to 15,000 m2). Monitored data at all four buildings were collected for more than 12 months. The data show that all buildings have significant amount of load diversity, with only 38% to 57% of the installed heat pumps operating simultaneously at peak cooling conditions. The high amount of diversity in the building loads implies that loop designs based on ''rules of thumb'' that consider the installed tonnage instead of the peak diversified or block loads will be oversized. The data from these buildings also confirm that cooling loads drive the loop sizing requirements, since the peak heat rejection loads were at least 70% greater than the heat extraction loads. The measured heat rejection loads on a peak, monthly and annual basis, normalized for floor area, were shown to be surprisingly similar despite the wide variation in the building application and geographic location. Peak heat rejection loads on a 4-hour basis ranged from 15 to 30 Btu/h-ft2(550 to 1,110 W/m2). Annual heat rejection loads for the offices and hotel ranged from 25,200 to 27,300 Btu/year-ft2(286 to 310 MJ/year-m2). At the high school, where cooling loads were light during the summer when classes were not in session, the annual heat rejection load was 14,800 Btu/year-ft2(168 MJ/year-m2).Units: Dual