审查关于热疲劳和冲击特性的已发表和未发表信息；应力、设计、结构、碳迁移、晶间氧化、相变、焊接等的影响。；在各种应用中出现热疲劳和冲击；用于评估热疲劳和冲击的测试程序。 热疲劳和热冲击是指温度变化或在较高和较低温度下交替暴露对材料寿命的影响。热疲劳和热冲击之间的差异主要与温度变化率和温度梯度的严重程度有关。因此，当使用寿命主要由热循环次数决定时，失效通常归因于热疲劳。然而，当温度梯度或温度变化率的严重程度是故障的主要原因时，故障应归因于热冲击。

Review of published and unpublished information on characteristics of thermal fatigue and shock; effects of stresses, design, structure, carbon migration, intergranular oxidation, phase transformations, welding, etc.; occurrence of thermal fatigue and shock in various applications; testing procedures used to evaluate thermal fatigue and shock. Thermal fatigue and thermal shock are terms used to denote the effects of temperature changes or alternating exposures at higher and lower temperatures on the life of a material. The difference between thermal fatigue and thermal shock are primarily related to the rate change of temperature and the severity of the temperature gradient. Thus, when the service life is primarily determined by the number of thermal cycles, failure is generally ascribed to thermal fatigue. However, when the severity of the temperature gradient or the rate of change in temperature is the primary cause of failure, the failure should be ascribed to thermal shock.