1.1 本测试方法涵盖了通过使用分光光度计或分光色度计和双向光学测量系统（如环形、圆周或单平面45:0或0:45几何）对物体颜色样品的反射特性和颜色进行仪器测量。 1.2 该测试方法通常适用于任何非荧光、扁平物体颜色的样品。特别建议测量回射试样和中等光泽试样。 1.3 实践中给出了测量荧光物体颜色所需的程序 电子991 和实践 第2153页 . 1.4 使用滤色器色度计测量颜色所需的程序包含在试验方法中 第1347页 本标准不涉及这些仪器。 1.5 本标准并不旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的使用者有责任在使用前建立适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.6 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认标准化原则制定的。 =====意义和用途====== 5.1 获得物体颜色颜色坐标的最直接和最容易获得的方法是使用分光光度计或具有半球形或双向光学测量系统的分光色度计进行仪器测量。本试验方法提供了使用双向（0:45或45:0）光学测量系统通过分光光度法进行此类测量的程序。使用滤色器色度计测量颜色和色差的方法包含在测试方法中 第1347页 . 5.2 本试验方法特别适用于以下类型试样的测量，用于指定用途（另见指南 第179页 和实践 电子805 ): 5.2.1 用于颜色评估的任何光泽等级的物体颜色样本。 5.2.2 具有物理平坦、光滑表面的物体颜色样本，从中获得用于计算机着色剂配方的数据。 5.2.3 反光试样。 注1: 为确保仪器间在测量具有中等光泽的样品、配方或反光样品时的一致性，公差比实践中给出的公差严格得多 第1164页 ，流入和流出条件，45°:正常（45:0）和正常:45°（0:45）反射系数部分，可能需要用于仪器照明和观察角度。 正在开发有关所需公差的信息。 5.3 不推荐使用本试验方法测量带有裸露金属表面的样品进行颜色评估，对于这种情况，最好使用半球形测量几何形状，如积分球型仪器（见指南 第179页 ).

1.1 This test method covers the instrumental measurement of the reflection properties and color of object-color specimens by use of a spectrophotometer or spectrocolorimeter with a bidirectional optical measuring system, such as annular, circumferential, or uniplanar 45:0 or 0:45 geometry. 1.2 This test method is generally suitable for any non-fluorescent, flat object-color specimen. It is especially recommended for measuring retroreflective specimens and specimens of intermediate gloss. 1.3 Procedures required for the measurement of fluorescent object color are given in Practice E991 and Practice E2153 . 1.4 Procedures required for the measurement of color using filter colorimeters are contained in Test Method E1347 and this standard does not address those instruments. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 5.1 The most direct and accessible methods for obtaining the color coordinates of object colors are by instrumental measurement using spectrophotometers or spectrocolorimeters with either hemispherical or bidirectional optical measuring systems. This test method provides procedures for such measurement by spectrophotometry using a bidirectional (0:45 or 45:0) optical measuring system. The method for color and color difference measurement using filter colorimeters is contained in Test Method E1347 . 5.2 This test method is especially suitable for measurement of the following types of specimens for the indicated uses (see also Guide E179 and Practice E805 ): 5.2.1 Object-color specimens of any gloss level for color assessment. 5.2.2 Object-color specimens with physically flat, smooth surfaces from which to obtain data for use in computer colorant formulation. 5.2.3 Retroreflective specimens. Note 1: To ensure inter-instrument agreement in the measurement of specimens with intermediate gloss, for formulation, or of retroreflective specimens, significantly tighter tolerances than those given in Practice E1164 , Influx and Efflux Conditions, 45°:Normal (45:0) and Normal:45° (0:45) Reflectance Factor section, may be required for the instrument angles of illumination and viewing. Information on the required tolerances is being developed. 5.3 This test method is not recommended for measurement of specimens with bare metal surfaces for color assessment, for which the use of hemispherical measurement geometry, as with an integrating-sphere type instrument, is preferable (see Guide E179 ).