1.1 这些实践包括以下五项测试: 1.1.1 练习A- 奥氏体不锈钢蚀刻结构分类的草酸蚀刻试验（第 4. 到 13 ，包括在内）， 1.1.2 实践B- 检测奥氏体不锈钢晶间腐蚀敏感性的硫酸铁-硫酸试验（截面） 14 到 25 ，包括在内）， 1.1.3 实践C- 检测奥氏体不锈钢晶间腐蚀敏感性的硝酸试验（截面） 26 到 36 ，包括在内）， 1.1.4 练习E- 检测奥氏体不锈钢晶间腐蚀敏感性的铜-硫酸铜-硫酸试验 37 到 46 ，包括在内），以及 1.1.5 实践F- 铜–硫酸铜–50 % 检测含钼奥氏体不锈钢（截面）晶间腐蚀敏感性的硫酸试验 47 到 58 ，包括在内）。 1.2 草酸蚀刻试验是一种通过简单蚀刻快速识别某些不锈钢等级的试样的方法，这些试样基本上不易受到与碳化铬沉淀物相关的晶间侵蚀。在某些腐蚀试验中，这些试样的腐蚀速率较低，因此可以从试验中消除（筛选）为“可接受”。 “蚀刻试验仅适用于单个热酸试验中列出的等级，并将试样分类为“可接受”或“可疑” 1.3 硫酸铁-硫酸试验，铜-硫酸铜-50 % 硫酸试验和硝酸试验基于重量损失测定，因此，提供了评估样本相对性能的定量测量。相反，铜-硫酸铜-16 % 硫酸试验基于弯曲试样的目视检查，因此，仅将试样分为可接受或不可接受。 1.4 这些试验中是否存在晶间腐蚀并不一定是衡量材料在其他腐蚀环境中性能的指标。这些试验不提供预测抗晶间腐蚀以外的腐蚀形式的基础，如一般腐蚀、点蚀或应力腐蚀开裂。 注1: 看见 附录X1 获取有关测试选择的信息。 1.5 以国际单位制表示的数值应视为标准值。英寸-磅当量在括号中，可能是近似值。 1.6 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。 本标准的用户有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 一些具体的危险陈述见 10.1 , 20.1.1 , 20.1.9 , 31.3 , 34.4 , 53.1.1 和 53.1.10 . 1.7 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 6.1 使用蚀刻测试可以快速验收特定批次的材料，而无需对这些批次进行耗时且成本高昂的热酸浸泡测试。

1.1 These practices cover the following five tests: 1.1.1 Practice A— Oxalic Acid Etch Test for Classification of Etch Structures of Austenitic Stainless Steels (Sections 4 to 13 , inclusive), 1.1.2 Practice B— Ferric Sulfate-Sulfuric Acid Test for Detecting Susceptibility to Intergranular Attack in Austenitic Stainless Steels (Sections 14 to 25 , inclusive), 1.1.3 Practice C— Nitric Acid Test for Detecting Susceptibility to Intergranular Attack in Austenitic Stainless Steels (Sections 26 to 36 , inclusive), 1.1.4 Practice E— Copper–Copper Sulfate–Sulfuric Acid Test for Detecting Susceptibility to Intergranular Attack in Austenitic Stainless Steels (Sections 37 to 46 , inclusive), and 1.1.5 Practice F— Copper–Copper Sulfate–50 % Sulfuric Acid Test for Detecting Susceptibility to Intergranular Attack in Molybdenum-Bearing Austenitic Stainless Steels (Sections 47 to 58 , inclusive). 1.2 The Oxalic Acid Etch Test is a rapid method of identifying, by simple etching, those specimens of certain stainless steel grades that are essentially free of susceptibility to intergranular attack associated with chromium carbide precipitates. These specimens will have low corrosion rates in certain corrosion tests and therefore can be eliminated (screened) from testing as “acceptable.” The etch test is applicable only to those grades listed in the individual hot acid tests and classifies the specimens either as “acceptable” or as “suspect.” 1.3 The ferric sulfate-sulfuric acid test, the copper–copper sulfate–50 % sulfuric acid test, and the nitric acid test are based on weight loss determinations and, thus, provide a quantitative measure of the relative performance of specimens evaluated. In contrast, the copper–copper sulfate–16 % sulfuric acid test is based on visual examination of bend specimens and, therefore, classifies the specimens only as acceptable or nonacceptable. 1.4 The presence or absence of intergranular attack in these tests is not necessarily a measure of the performance of the material in other corrosive environments. These tests do not provide a basis for predicting resistance to forms of corrosion other than intergranular, such as general corrosion, pitting, or stress-corrosion cracking. Note 1: See Appendix X1 for information regarding test selection. 1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The inch-pound equivalents are in parentheses and may be approximate. 1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Some specific hazards statements are given in 10.1 , 20.1.1 , 20.1.9 , 31.3 , 34.4 , 53.1.1 , and 53.1.10 . 1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 6.1 Use of the etch test allows rapid acceptance of specific lots of material without the need to perform time-consuming and costly hot acid immersion tests on those lots.