前言:这是CSA N286的第三版。7、分析、科学和设计计算机程序的质量保证。它取代了1999年和1994年出版的前两个版本。本标准确定了支持高能反应堆设施管理体系的质量保证要求（见CSA N286第7.1条），其中在核设施的生命周期中使用了分析工具。CSA N系列标准为核设施的管理提供了一套相互关联的要求。CSA N286为管理层提供全面指导，以制定和实施健全的管理实践和控制措施，而其他CSA核标准则提供支持管理体系的技术要求和指导。CSA N286基于12条原则。作为这些管理体系要求的一部分，要求使用授权和受控软件开展工作，包括工程工具和分析软件。 对于支持高能反应堆设施的科学、设计或安全分析工作中使用的分析软件，指本标准的要求。一般管理体系要求（CSA N286第4条）仍然适用，但技术要求和支持性管理体系指南可能有所不同。本标准是一项质量保证标准，与符合CSA N286适用要求的管理体系有特定联系。为防止重复，本标准中提供了N286的具体参考。业务部门负责确保遵守本标准的适用要求，无论是自行履行的还是分包的。加拿大核工业已经认识到，有必要制定严格有效的要求，将质量保证过程应用于计算机程序。 1999年，CSA发布了CSA N286。7规定用于设计、分析或支持核电厂安全相关系统的分析工具要求的标准，取代1994年发布的草案。CSA N286。7-99包含需要解释或澄清才能实施的高级要求。这导致了CSA N286的开发。7.1-09指导文件，其主要目的是帮助管理组织内的从业人员按照CSA N286的规定编制和实施软件质量保证过程。7-99.本标准合并了CSA N286。7.1指导文件，N286应用指南。7.在标准主体内。因此，N286。7.1本标准将不予维持。在本标准的制定过程中，利益相关者认识到相关活动的两个不同领域，本标准的组织体现了这一点: a） 分析软件的设计、开发和维护；andb）整个管理系统内分析软件工具的获取、鉴定、控制和使用。范围:1.11.1.1本标准规定了设计、安全分析和支持活动中使用的软件的质量保证要求。1.1.2本标准规定了适用于高能反应堆应用中使用的分析、科学和设计计算机程序的设计、开发、维护、修改、获取和使用的质量保证程序的要求。注:CSA N286第7.1条中定义的高能反应堆。此类计算机程序由企业使用或用于企业执行或支持管理层确定的影响安全的设备、系统、结构和组件的设计和分析；b） 确定性和概率安全分析及运行可靠性研究； c） 反应堆物理和燃料管理计算；和d）与第1.1.2.1.1.3条a）、b）和c）项相关的计算机程序或预处理或后处理计算之间的数据传输本标准中描述了用于执行或支持活动的软件的质量保证要求。本标准承认范围分为两部分，其组织旨在反映这一点:a）软件的设计、开发和维护；andb）软件的获取、鉴定、控制和使用。1.2本标准适用于第1.1.2条所述企业使用的或用于该企业的软件，包括以下内容:a）内部开发的计算机程序:（即企业内部开发的软件）；b） 第三方计算机程序:（即供应商开发的软件）；c） 遗留软件；和d）编程应用程序（例如。 ，脚本、宏和基于电子表格的分析），通常不包括在本标准中。1.3本标准不适用于用于控制电厂安全系统和运行控制系统的计算机程序；注:见CSA N290。14例如安全和操作控制系统。b） 项目中包含的嵌入式软件，其中软件与项目作为一个单元（例如，测量和测试设备）一起合格；c） 用于收集或呈现设计输入的软件（例如，数据采集系统和CAD程序）；d） 商业软件（例如，工作管理、生产力工具、商用数据库和电子表格程序）；e） 用于管理信息的软件（如记录管理软件）；f） 商用编译器、解释器和操作系统；andg）商用数学例程库。 1.4除第11.1条“选择使用的一般要求”外，本标准的要求中可能不包括简单软件。1.5设计和分析活动中计算机程序结果的解释或应用不在本标准范围内。1.6本标准的所有要求可按照CSA N286第4条允许的风险等级进行应用。1.7在本标准中，“应”用于表示要求，即用户为遵守本标准而有义务满足的规定；“应该”用于表示建议或建议但不需要的建议；“可”用于表示一个选项或在标准范围内允许的选项。注释随附条款不包括要求或替代要求；随附条款的注释的目的是将解释性或信息性材料与文本分开。 表和图的注释被视为表或图的一部分，可以作为要求编写。附件被指定为规范性（强制性）或信息性（非强制性）以定义其应用。

Preface:This is the third edition of CSA N286.7,Quality assurance of analytical, scientific, and design computer programs. It supersedes the previous editions, published in 1999 and 1994.This Standard identifies the quality assurance requirements to support the management system for high energy reactor facilities (see Clause 7.1 of CSA N286) where analytical tools are utilized in the life cycle of nuclear facilities.The CSA N-Series of Standards provides an interlinked set of requirements for the management of nuclear facilities. CSA N286 provides overall direction to management to develop and implement sound management practices and controls, while the other CSA nuclear Standards provide technical requirements and guidance that support the management system.CSA N286 is based on a set of 12 principles. As part of those management system requirements, it requires that conduct of work is carried out using authorized and controlled software, which includes engineering tools and analytical software. For analytical software used in scientific, design or safety analysis work supporting high energy reactor facilities, it refers to the requirements of this Standard.The general management system requirements (Clause 4 of CSA N286) still apply but the technical requirements and supporting management system guidance might differ. This Standard is a quality assurance standard with specific ties to a management system meeting the applicable requirements of CSA N286. To prevent duplication, specific references to N286 are provided within this Standard. The business is responsible to ensure the applicable requirements of this Standard are complied with whether self-performed or subcontracted.The Canadian nuclear industry has recognized the need to establish rigorous and effective requirements for application of quality assurance process to computer programs. In 1999, CSA had issued the CSA N286.7 Standard that specifies requirements for analytical tools used to design, analyze or support safety related systems of the nuclear power plants replacing the draft issued in 1994. CSA N286.7-99 contained high-level requirements that need interpretation or clarification in order to be implemented. This resulted in development of the CSA N286.7.1-09 Guidance document having a main purpose to assist practitioners within management organizations in the preparation and implementation of software quality assurance process in compliance with CSA N286.7-99.This Standard amalgamates the CSA N286.7.1 guidance document,Guideline for the application of N286.7, within the body of the Standard. As such, the N286.7.1 Standard will not be maintained.During the preparation of this Standard, stakeholders recognized two distinct areas of related activity and this Standard has been organized to reflect this:a) Design, development and maintenance of analytical software; andb) Acquisition, qualification, control and use of analytical software tools within the overall management system.Scope:1.11.1.1This Standard addresses quality assurance requirements for software used in design, safety analysis, and supporting activities.1.1.2This Standard specifies the requirements for the quality assurance program applicable to the design, development, maintenance, modification, acquisition, and use of analytical, scientific, and design computer programs that are used in high energy reactor applications.Note:High energy reactor as defined in Clause 7.1 of CSA N286.Such computer programs are used by or for the business to perform or supporta) design and analysis of equipment, systems, structures, and components that impact safety, as identified by management;b) deterministic and probabilistic safety analyses and operational reliability studies;c) reactor physics and fuel management calculations; andd) transfer of data between computer programs or pre- or post-processing calculations associated with Items a), b), and c) of Clause 1.1.2.1.1.3The quality assurance requirements for software used to perform or support the activities are described in this Standard. This Standard recognizes that the scope has two parts and has been organized to reflect this:a) design, development and maintenance of software; andb) acquisition, qualification, control and use of software.1.2This Standard applies to software used by or for the business as described in Clause 1.1.2 including the following:a) in-house developed computer programs: (i.e., software developed within the business);b) third-party computer programs: (i.e., software developed by a supplier);c) legacy software; andd) programmed applications (e.g., scripts, macros, and spreadsheet-based analysis) written within software normally excluded from this Standard.1.3This Standard does not apply to computer programs such asa) those used to control plant safety systems and operational control systems;Note:See CSA N290.14 for example of safety and operational control systems.b) embedded software contained within items, where the software is qualified along with the item as a unit (e.g., measurement and test equipment);c) software used to collect or present design inputs (e.g., data acquisition systems and CAD programs);d) business software (e.g., work management, productivity tools, commercially available databases, and spreadsheet programs);e) software used to manage information (e.g., records management software);f) commercially available compilers, interpreters, and operating systems; andg) commercially available mathematical routine libraries.1.4Simple software may be excluded from requirements of this Standard with the exception of Clause 11.1 on general requirements for selection of use.1.5Interpretation or application of computer program results in design and analysis activities is outside the scope of this Standard.1.6All of the requirements of this Standard may be applied in a graded manner commensurate with risk as permitted by Clause 4 of CSA N286.1.7In this Standard, "shall" is used to express a requirement, i.e., a provision that the user is obliged to satisfy in order to comply with the standard; "should" is used to express a recommendation or that which is advised but not required; and "may" is used to express an option or that which is permissible within the limits of the standard. Notes accompanying clauses do not include requirements or alternative requirements; the purpose of a note accompanying a clause is to separate from the text explanatory or informative material. Notes to tables and figures are considered part of the table or figure and may be written as requirements. Annexes are designated normative (mandatory) or informative (non-mandatory) to define their application.