1.1本指南涵盖了所有危险综合应急管理计划的概念、原则和实践，用于规划、缓解、响应、恢复和协调医院应对重大事件。 1.2本指南阐述了医院应急行动计划所需的联邦、州、地方、自愿和非政府资源的范围、规划、结构、应用和协调的基本要素。 1.3本指南为满足医院基本服务要求所需的医院应急管理和业务连续性计划制定了通用术语。 1.4本指南为医院领导提供了应急管理计划的概念，但个人计划必须与社区应急行动计划和国家事件管理系统同步制定。 1.5本指南并未涉及医院对涉及社区服务和系统几乎完全破坏的事件的所有必要规划和响应。 1.6就本指南而言，医院的定义将是美国医院协会为急性护理设施提供的当前定义。 1.7 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的用户有责任在使用前制定适当的安全和健康实践，并确定监管要求的适用性。 ====意义和用途====== 本指南旨在帮助医院领导设计、规划和应对需要启动应急行动计划的事件，由医院和医疗保健组织进行。 本指南提供了协调程序，并提供了系统和结构化的响应来管理事件。 本指南提供了管理工具，有助于为医院领导层和医院监管机构提供基本的培训目标和决策模型。 本指南将尽可能与以下现有行业标准保持一致:医疗机构认证联合委员会（JCAHO）护理环境（EC）标准、NFPA 1600、国家事故管理系统（NIMS）和卫生资源和服务管理局（HRSA）医院生物恐怖主义（BT）准备计划。 符合JCAHO标准是医疗保健组织最关心的问题。JCAHO公司 ’ s EC标准包括安全、安保、危险材料和废物、应急管理、消防安全、医疗设备和公用事业管理。欧盟委员会一章论述了规划和实施、测量和改进活动，以及与人力资源相关的标准中涉及的教育和培训活动。 NFPA 1600被高度视为国家防备标准。 NFPA 1600是州、地方和部落政府应急管理认证计划（EMAP）使用的标准的基础。 作为国土安全总统指令#5的一部分，所有联邦部门和机构都需要国家事件管理系统（NIMS）。接受联邦拨款的州和地方政府实体也需要NIMS。这通过参与HRSA医院BT计划以及JCAHO事件指挥系统/事件管理系统要求影响医院（公共和私营部门）。 HRSA BT计划很重要，因为其目标之一是为医院设定国家准备水平。这些最低准备水平是通过单个医院（地区）的联盟来实现的，针对每个关键的快速部署能力基准进行了阐述。HRSA BT计划的基础是在医疗卫生事件管理系统（MaHIMS）内的各级和实体之间建立有效联系，包括单个设施、联盟、管辖区、州内、州际和联邦支持。

1.1 This guide covers concepts, principles, and practices of an all-hazards comprehensive emergency management program for the planning, mitigation, response, recovery, and coordination of hospitals in response to a major incident. 1.2 This guide addresses the essential elements of the scope, planning, structure, application, and coordination of federal, state, local, voluntary, and nongovernmental resources necessary to the emergency operations plan for a hospital. 1.3 This guide establishes a common terminology for hospital emergency management and business continuity programs necessary to fulfill the basic service requirements of a hospital. 1.4 This guide provides hospital leaders with concepts of an emergency management plan, but an individual plan must be developed in synchrony with the community emergency operations plan and the National Incident Management System. 1.5 This guide does not address all of the necessary planning and response of hospitals to an incident that involves the near-total destruction of community services and systems. 1.6 For the purposes of this guide, the definition of hospital will be the current definition provided by the American Hospital Association for an acute care facility. 1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use. ====== Significance And Use ====== This guide is intended to assist the leaders of hospitals in the design, planning, and response to be undertaken by hospitals and health care organizations to an event that necessitates the activation of an emergency operations plan. This guide provides procedures to coordinate and provide a systematic and structured response to manage an incident. This guide provides management tools that can assist in providing essential training objectives and decision-making models for hospital leadership and hospital regulatory agencies. This guide will be as consistent as possible with the following existing industry standards: Joint Commission on the Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO) Environment of Care (EC) standards, NFPA 1600, the National Incident Management System (NIMS), and the Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA) Hospital Bioterrorism (BT) Preparedness Program. Compliance with the JCAHO standards is of paramount concern to health care organizations. JCAHO ’ s EC standards include safety, security, hazardous materials and wastes, emergency management, fire safety, medical equipment, and utilities management. The EC chapter addresses planning and implementation and measuring and improving activities, with education and training activities addressed in standards relating to human resources. NFPA 1600 is highly regarded as a national preparedness standard. NFPA 1600 serves as the basis for the standard used by the Emergency Management Accreditation Program (EMAP) for state, local, and tribal governments. The National Incident Management System (NIMS) was required for all federal departments and agencies as a part of Homeland Security Presidential Directive #5. NIMS is also required for state and local government entities who receive federal grant funds. This impacts hospitals (public and private sector) through participation in the HRSA Hospital BT Program as well as the JCAHO Incident Command System/Incident Management System requirement. The HRSA BT program is important because one of its objectives is to set national levels of readiness for hospitals. These minimum levels of readiness, articulated for each of the critical surge capacity benchmarks, are achieved through coalitions of individual hospitals (districts). The HRSA BT program is based on creating effective linkages between the levels and entities within the Medical and Health Incident Management System (MaHIMS) to include individual facilities, coalitions, jurisdictions, intrastate, interstate, and federal support.