内毒素是脂多糖复合物的一种成分，脂多糖复合物是内毒素的一部分 大多数革兰氏阴性细菌和一些蓝藻细胞壁的外层。 实验室过滤柱试验，以确定在何种条件下可以清除内毒素 从生物活性饮用水处理中释放的无烟煤/砂过滤器显示 在接下来的最初几个小时内，内毒素大量产生 关机。然而，累积的内毒素可以很容易地立即处理 在停机后反洗或运行过滤器以减少废物。游离氯， 一氯胺和高锰酸钾在这方面并不是特别有效 灭活内毒素，最大灭活率为1.4个内毒素单位 （欧盟）/mL。 h表示游离氯。中压紫外线照射有一定的效果 有效（~0.55 EU/mL/mJ/cm²），但剂量高于目前使用的剂量 饮用水处理需要有效去除更高的污染物 浓度。使用一系列的饮用水内毒素浓度在 生物过滤器关闭实验和文献中记录的内毒素值 研究了与加湿器相关的气溶胶。理论评估 这表明超声波加湿器能够产生大量的气溶胶 可吸入内毒素足以轻易引起不良健康影响，包括 需要医疗护理。内毒素除了本身是一种健康危害外 可能会加剧现有的医疗状况，并可能使试图 诊断有多种症状。包括22个参考文献、表格和图表。

Endotoxins are a component of the lipopolysaccharide complexes that make up a part of the outer layer of the cell walls of most gram-negative bacteria and some cyanobacteria. Laboratory filter column tests to identify conditions under which endotoxins can be released from biologically active drinking water treatment anthracite/sand filters showed that endotoxin was produced in large quantities in the first few hours following shutdown. However, accumulated endotoxin can be easily dealt with by immediately backwashing or running filters to waste following periods of shutdown. Free chlorine, monochloramine, and potassium permanganate were not particularly efficient at inactivating endotoxin, with the maximum inactivation rate being 1.4 endotoxin units (EU)/mL.h for free chlorine. Medium pressure ultraviolet irradiation was somewhat effective (~0.55 EU/mL per mJ/cm²), although higher dosages than those currently being employed in drinking water treatment would be required to effectively remove higher concentrations. Using a range of drinking water endotoxin concentrations measured in biofilter shutdown experiments and from values recorded in the literature, endotoxin aerosolization associated with humidifiers was examined. A theoretical assessment suggests that ultrasonic humidifiers are able to produce quantities of aerosolized respirable endotoxin sufficient to easily induce adverse health impacts, including those requiring medical attention. In addition to being a health hazard on its own, endotoxin may exacerbate existing medical conditions and may confuse physicians attempting to diagnosis multiple symptoms. Includes 22 references, table, figures.