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Water Demand Management Through Rate Structure 通过费率结构管理用水需求
发布日期: 1991-01-01
面对预计的水资源短缺,佛罗里达州坦帕市的供水系统开始改变费率,以鼓励节约用水。该系统将费率结构从固定费率改为倾斜闭塞费率。所有客户的基本费率为每100 ccf 0.77美元,与之前的统一费率相同。对于超过每个客户类别既定限制的用水,每个共因基金1.25美元的较高节约率适用:住宅和小型工业13个共因基金,小型商业设施25个共因基金,等等。人们正在节约足够的水,以便将额外供水的需求推迟到下个世纪。水价对直接受其影响的客户最为有效; 没有直接经历财务影响的客户,如公寓居民,不太可能节约。针对不同类型的客户计算价格弹性;这些信息可以帮助管理者预测用水将如何受到变化率的影响。
Faced with projected water shortages, the Tampa, Florida, water system instituted rate changes to encourage water conservation. The system changed the rate structure from a flat rate to an inclining block rate. The base rate is $0.77 per 100 ccf for all customers, which is the same as the previous flat rate. A higher conservation rate of $1.25 per ccf applies to water use in excess of established limits for each customer class: 13 ccf for residential and small industry, 25 ccf for small commercial establishments, and so forth. Enough water is being saved to delay the need for additional supplies into the next century. The price of water is most effective for customers whom it affects directly; customers, such as apartment dwellers, who do not experience the financial impact directly, are less likely to conserve. Price elasticity is computed for various types of customer; this information can help managers forecast how water use will be affected by rate changes.
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发布单位或类别: 美国-美国给水工程协会
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