1.1 本实施规程中包括了在弹性范围内的常规试验期间，对缺口和无缺口试样施加拉伸和压缩力期间发生的弯曲量的测定方法。这些方法特别适用于通常用于拉伸试验、压缩试验、蠕变试验和单轴疲劳试验的力水平。本规程的主要目的是评估在常规试验期间，组装到材料试验机中的普通部件对试样施加的弯曲量。 1.2 本规程适用于金属和非金属测试。 1.3 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 4.1 已经表明，在施加拉伸和压缩力期间，由于施加的力和试样轴之间的错位而无意中产生的弯曲应力可能会影响测试结果。为了认识到这种影响，一些测试方法包括限制允许的错位的声明。本实施规程的目的是为需要在对齐很重要的条件下施加拉力或压缩力的试验方法和实践提供参考。目标是使用通用术语和方法验证试验机、相关部件和试样的校准。 4.2 需要对齐验证的方法或实践中规定了需要时的对齐验证间隔。某些类型的测试可以指示测试框架与每个测试样本的当前对齐状态。如果测试方法需要校准验证，校准验证的频率应包含所有考虑因素，即时间间隔、测试框架的变化，以及在适用的情况下，通过测试结果获得校准条件的当前指标。 4.3 是否改善共轴性应是利益相关方之间的协商问题。

1.1 Included in this practice are methods covering the determination of the amount of bending that occurs during the application of tensile and compressive forces to notched and unnotched test specimens during routine testing in the elastic range. These methods are particularly applicable to the force levels normally used for tension testing, compression testing, creep testing, and uniaxial fatigue testing. The principal objective of this practice is to assess the amount of bending exerted upon a test specimen by the ordinary components assembled into a materials testing machine, during routine tests. 1.2 This practice is valid for metallic and nonmetallic testing. 1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 4.1 It has been shown that bending stresses that inadvertently occur due to misalignment between the applied force and the specimen axes during the application of tensile and compressive forces can affect the test results. In recognition of this effect, some test methods include a statement limiting the misalignment that is permitted. The purpose of this practice is to provide a reference for test methods and practices that require the application of tensile or compressive forces under conditions where alignment is important. The objective is to implement the use of common terminology and methods for verification of alignment of testing machines, associated components and test specimens. 4.2 Alignment verification intervals when required are specified in the methods or practices that require the alignment verification. Certain types of testing can provide an indication of the current alignment condition of a testing frame with each specimen tested. If a test method requires alignment verification, the frequency of the alignment verification should capture all the considerations that is, time interval, changes to the testing frame and when applicable, current indicators of the alignment condition through test results. 4.3 Whether or not to improve axiality should be a matter of negotiation between the interested parties.