1.1 本试验方法用于确定塑料材料（包括配方添加剂）的需氧生物降解程度和速率，塑料材料暴露于至少10种已知属的需氧海洋微生物或天然海水中存在的本地种群的预生长种群中。试验方法在受控的实验室条件下进行。 1.2 该测试方法旨在对在有氧环境中相对于阳性参考材料可能可生物降解的聚合物材料进行索引。 1.3 该试验方法适用于所有含有至少20%碳的聚合物材料，这些材料对海洋环境中存在的微生物没有抑制作用。 1.4 以国际单位制表示的数值应视为标准。 1.5 目前还没有与该标准等效的ISO。 1.6 本标准并不旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的使用者有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.7 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认的标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 5.1 船上塑料的使用正在增加，将海洋用作垃圾倾倒场的可能性已不再；因此，在海上处理塑料材料仍然是一个主要问题。通过允许在海上安全处理塑料材料，可生物降解塑料可能有助于减轻公众的担忧。该试验方法用于评估暴露于海洋微生物的塑料的需氧生物降解速率和程度。好氧生物降解是通过测量这种暴露过程中产生的沼气（二氧化碳）的量来确定的。 5.2 在本试验方法的条件下，可以使用塑料的需氧生物降解性程度和速率来估计该塑料在生物活性海洋环境中的持久性，例如海滨和公海。然而，应认识到，从短期暴露于模拟海洋环境的结果中预测长期环境命运和影响是困难的，并且不得在试验持续时间之后外推结果。

1.1 This test method is used to determine the degree and rate of aerobic biodegradation of plastic materials (including formulation additives) exposed to pre-grown population of at least ten aerobic marine microorganisms of known genera or the indigenous population existing in natural seawater. The test method is conducted under controlled laboratory conditions. 1.2 This test method is designed to index polymer materials that are possibly biodegradable, relative to a positive reference material, in an aerobic environment. 1.3 This test method is applicable to all polymer materials containing at least 20 % carbon that are not inhibitory to the microorganisms present in a marine environment. 1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. 1.5 There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard. 1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 5.1 The use of plastics aboard ships is on the rise and the use of the sea as a trash dumping site is no longer a possibility; consequently, the disposal of plastic materials while at sea remains a major issue. It is possible that biodegradable plastics will help to allay public concern by allowing for the safe disposal of plastic materials at sea. This test method has been developed to assess the rate and degree of aerobic biodegradation of plastics exposed to marine microorganisms. Aerobic biodegradation is determined by measuring the amount of biogas (carbon dioxide) produced during such an exposure. 5.2 It is acceptable to use the degree and rate of aerobic biodegradability of a plastic under the conditions of this test method to estimate the persistence of that plastic in biologically active marine environments, for example, seashore and open-ocean. However, it shall be recognized that predicting long-term environmental fate and effects from the results of short-term exposure to a simulated marine environment is difficult and results shall not be extrapolated beyond the duration of the test.