1.1 这些标准实践涵盖ASTM标准中使用的单轴压实试样的规范、生产和制备这些试样的程序，并参考适用标准。 1.2 有关压实试样和机加工毛坯所需工具的基本工具设计和工程信息包含在附录中。 1.3 本标准旨在成为一份全面的单源文件，可供使用粉末冶金试样的ASTM试验方法和包含从这些试样获得的工程数据的ASTM粉末冶金材料规范参考。 1.4 这些规程不适用于通过其他工艺（如冷等静压（CIP）、热等静压（HIP）、粉末锻造（PF）或金属注射成型（MIM）生产的金属粉末试样。 它们不适用于硬质合金材料。 1.5 粉末冶金压力机、压实工具和烧结炉及其设计、制造和使用的详细信息不在这些实践的范围内。 1.6 以英寸-磅为单位的数值应视为标准值。括号中给出的值是到国际单位制的数学转换，仅供参考，不被视为标准值。 1.7 本标准可能涉及危险材料、操作和设备。本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的用户有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1. 8. 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 5.1 试样用于确定粉末冶金材料的工程特性，例如抗拉强度、延展性、冲击能等。；对成功使用粉末冶金材料标准至关重要的特性数据。在生产条件下处理粉末冶金试样是获得可靠粉末冶金材料性能数据的最有效方法，因为在大多数情况下，从烧结零件上切割试棒是不切实际或不可能的。 5.2 在受控条件下，使用粉末冶金试样评估金属粉末的性能特征，例如压缩性、生坯强度和与加工相关的尺寸变化。获得的数据对金属粉末制造商和粉末冶金零件制造商都很重要。 5.3 粉末冶金试样在工业质量保证计划中发挥着重要作用。它们用于在验收测试中比较新批次金属粉末与已确定批次的性能，并用于零件制造过程中建立和调整生产变量。 5.4 在需要提供生产批次粉末冶金零件的等效性能数据的情况下，可以使用生产粉末冶金零件处理从生产粉末混合物压实到相同生坯密度的标准试样，然后进行测试以获得该信息。 5.5 为工业或学术研发项目进行的材料性能测试使用标准PM试样，因此可以将获得的测试结果与以前的工作或发布的数据进行比较。 5.6 粉末冶金试样可能有多种用途。本标准中给出的尺寸和公差在许多情况下是标称的。提醒用户确保试样的尺寸符合所用特定试验方法的要求。

1.1 These standard practices cover the specifications for those uniaxially compacted test specimens that are used in ASTM standards, the procedures for producing and preparing these test specimens, and reference the applicable standards. 1.2 Basic tool design and engineering information regarding the tooling that is required to compact the test specimens and machining blanks are contained in the annexes. 1.3 This standard is intended to be a comprehensive one-source document that can be referenced by ASTM test methods that utilize PM test specimens and in ASTM PM material specifications that contain the engineering data obtained from these test specimens. 1.4 These practices are not applicable to metal powder test specimens that are produced by other processes such as cold isostatic pressing (CIP), hot isostatic pressing (HIP), powder forging (PF) or metal injection molding (MIM). They do not pertain to cemented carbide materials. 1.5 Detailed information on PM presses, compacting tooling and sintering furnaces, their design, manufacture and use are not within the scope of these practices. 1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. 1.7 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 5.1 Test specimens are used to determine the engineering properties of PM materials, for example, tensile strength, ductility, impact energy, etc.; property data that are essential to the successful use of PM material standards. Processing PM test specimens under production conditions is the most efficient method by which to obtain reliable PM material property data since in most cases it is impractical or impossible to cut test bars from sintered parts. 5.2 The performance characteristics of metal powders, for example, compressibility, green strength and dimensional changes associated with processing are evaluated using PM test specimens under controlled conditions. The data obtained are important to both metal powder producers and PM parts manufacturers. 5.3 PM test specimens play a significant role in industrial quality assurance programs. They are used to compare properties of a new lot of metal powder with an established lot in an acceptance test and are used in the part manufacturing process to establish and adjust production variables. 5.4 In those instances where it is required to present equivalent property data for a production lot of PM parts, standard test specimens compacted from the production powder mix to the same green density can be processed with the production PM parts and then tested to obtain this information. 5.5 Material property testing performed for industrial or academic research and development projects uses standard PM test specimens so the test results obtained can be compared with previous work or published data. 5.6 Powder metallurgy test specimens may have multiple uses. The dimensions and tolerances given in this standard are nominal in many cases. The user is cautioned to make certain that the dimensions of the test specimen are in agreement with the requirements of the specific test method to be used.