这项研究的目的是提供关于紫外线（UV）抵抗紫外线能力的中试规模信息 对未过滤的地表水进行消毒。操作了一个中试规模的低压紫外线系统 来自东湾市政区Pardee水库的原水 加利福尼亚监测颗粒计数、浊度和254 nm处的紫外线透射率 12个月，每小时记录数据。在线颗粒计数数据收集于 8.2米到50米之间的不同尺寸范围，但出于报告目的，数据是 分为两部分:直径大于和小于10米。 除了监测水质特性以获取颗粒物证据外 这可能会抑制紫外线消毒（即颗粒计数和浊度），研究人员说 本地总大肠菌群、总需氧孢子形成菌（TA）和 定期监测中试紫外线反应器中的体细胞大肠杆菌噬菌体，以期 根据试验结果，确定灭活水平是否与预期一致 在无颗粒水中进行紫外线处理，如果没有，则尝试关联受损的失活 浊度或颗粒计数。这三组生物被选为 包括那些与贾第虫和隐孢子虫大小一致且可能 因此会经历类似程度的颗粒屏蔽（即大肠菌群和TA），以及 病毒大小的生物体（即体细胞噬菌体）。之前的工作也表明 这些生物体可能存在于环境温度足够高的地表水中 允许在整个紫外线系统中测量几次对数失活的浓度。 使用基于DNA的膜过滤技术对大肠菌群总数进行计数 关于标准方法9222（APHA等人，1998年）。使用薄膜对TA进行计数 过滤技术（Rice等人。 1996年，Verhille等人，2003年）。体细胞大肠杆菌噬菌体 使用扩展板技术进行计数，标准方法9224（APHA等人，1998年）。pilot UV系统是一个5到15 gpm的低压高输出（LPHO）特洛伊木马程序 UVMax®。该反应器已由制造商利用可用的通量进行了生物验证 作为流量、UVT和灯龄的函数。紫外线通量已在现场得到证实 在研究期间，使用MS-2噬菌体进行了三次生物验证，结果如下: 从90到100 mJ/cm²。生物验证程序的方法遵循Bolton和 Linden（2003）对准直光束的研究。 包括8个参考文献，图。

The goal of this study was to provide pilot-scale information about the ability of ultraviolet (UV) to disinfect unfiltered surface water. A pilot-scale low pressure UV system was operated with raw water from the Pardee Reservoir at the East Bay Municipal District in California. Monitoring of particle counts, turbidity, and UV transmittance at 254 nm was performed for 12 months with data recorded hourly. The online particle count data were collected in 8 different size ranges between 2 m and 50 m, but for reporting purposes the data was divided into two: greater than and smaller than 10 m in diameter. In addition to monitoring the water quality properties for evidence of particulate matter that could conceivably inhibit UV disinfection (i.e. particle counts and turbidity), the inactivation of indigenous total coliform bacteria, total aerobic spore-formers (TAS), and somatic coliphages across the pilot UV reactor was periodically monitored in an effort to determine if inactivation was achieved at a level consistent with expectations based on UV treatment in particle-free water, and if not, to try to correlate impaired inactivation with turbidity or particle counts. These three groups of organisms were selected to include those that are of a size consistent with Giardia and Cryptosporidium and might therefore experience a similar degree of particle shielding (i.e. coliforms and TAS), and virus-sized organisms (i.e. somatic coliphage). Previous work had also indicated that these organisms might be present in surface waters at high enough ambient concentrations to allow several log inactivation to be measured across the UV system. Total coliform bacteria were enumerated using the membrane filtration technique based on Standard Method 9222 (APHA et al. 1998). TAS were enumerated using a membrane filtration technique (Rice et al. 1996, Verhille et al. 2003). Somatic coliphage were enumerated using the spread plate technique, Standard Method 9224 (APHA et al. 1998). The pilot UV system was a 5 to 15 gpm low pressure high output (LPHO) Trojan UVMax®. The reactor had been biovalidated by the manufacturer with fluences available as a function of flow rate, UVT, and lamp age. The UV fluence was confirmed onsite by biovalidation using MS-2 phage on three occasions over the study period, and ranged from 90 to 100 mJ/cm². Methods for the biovalidation procedure followed Bolton and Linden (2003) for the collimated beam work. Includes 8 references, figure.