1.1 建筑物中两个空间之间的隔声最受通过名义上分离的建筑构件（通常在实验室中测量）的直接传输和沿许多间接路径（通常称为侧翼路径）的任何传输的组合的影响。 图1 说明了直接路径（D）和一些可能的结构侧翼路径（F）。其他非结构性侧翼路径可能包括通过房间之间的公共风道或从相邻房间到走廊的门进行传输。隔声还受空间之间的分隔分区大小和接收空间中的吸收的影响，在小空间的情况下，隔声还受空间的模态行为和接近表面的距离的影响。 图1 建筑物中的直接（D）和一些间接或侧面路径（F和点） 1.2 本试验方法的主要部分定义了评估由公共隔墙分隔的建筑物中两个房间或其部分之间的隔声或分隔隔墙的表面隔声的程序和指标，包括所有情况下的直接和侧面传输路径。 适当的措施及其单数额定值为降噪（NR）和隔声等级（NIC），这表明在测试过程中与提供的接收室隔离，标准化降噪（NNR）和标准化隔声等级（NNIC），当接收室是一个通常配备的至少25米的生活或办公空间时，指示预期的隔声 3. （当必须在接收室未安装设备的情况下进行测试时特别有用），以及表观传输损耗（ATL）和表观声传输等级（ASTC），其表明了分离隔墙的表观隔声性能，包括通过支撑结构的直接传输和侧面传输。ATL的测量仅限于至少25米的空间 3. 模态效应产生的问题更少。除规定条件下的ATL和ASTC外，试验方法主要部分中的这些程序仅适用于两个房间体积均小于150m的情况 3. . 注1: 本试验方法中的“隔墙”一词包括所有类型的墙、地板或分隔两个空间的任何其他边界。边界可以是永久的、可操作的或可移动的。 1.3 尽管存在的条件会影响测量的方式，但始终可以测量和报告两个位置之间的NR和NIC。本标准对所有其他测量和额定值施加了限制，如最小房间体积或尺寸或最大房间吸收。因此，可能存在不允许报告NNR（NNIC）或ATL（ASTC）的情况。如果房间之间的隔墙由不同结构的部件组成，或包含门等元件，则不可能测量单个元件或隔墙部分的ATL和ASTC。评估小于6的门的现场性能 m 2. 在区域内，使用测试方法 E2964年 . 各种指标本质上是不同的数量，因此，当根据其中一个指标编写规范时，不能使用NIC代替NNIC或ASTC，而这些指标在当前条件下无法报告。 1.4 附件A1 提供了测量建筑物中两个房间部分之间隔声的方法，当至少一个房间的体积为150 m时，这两个房间由公共隔墙隔开，包括直接和侧面路径 3. 或更多。结果是噪声降低（NR）和噪声隔离等级（NIC）。 1.5 以国际单位制表示的数值应视为标准值。本标准不包括其他计量单位。 1.6 本试验方法的文本参考了提供解释材料的注释和脚注。这些注释和脚注（不包括表和图中的注释和脚注）不应视为本标准的要求。 1.7 本标准可能涉及危险材料、操作和设备。本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的用户有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.8 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 5.1 本标准的主要部分使用了最初为隔墙声音传输损失的实验室测量而开发的程序。这些程序假设进行测量的房间具有合理近似于漫射场的声场。此类房间内的声压级在整个房间内相当均匀，平均声压级与房间吸声的对数成反比。并非所有房间都满足这些条件。实践经验和对照研究 ( 1. ) 6. 已经表明，该测试方法适用于通常用于工作或生活的较小空间，例如多户住宅、酒店客房、会议室和体积小于150立方米的办公室中的房间。适用于此类空间的度量是NR、NNR和ATL。相应的单数字额定值为NIC、NNIC和ASTC。可在满足空间吸收限制的较大空间之间测量ATL和ASTC，以提供均匀的声音分布。 5.2 附件A1 开发用于非常大的空间（体积为150 m 3. 或更高）。在测试过程中，大型房间的声压级可能会发生显著变化，因此隔离度可能会随着与公共（分离）隔墙的距离而发生很大变化。此过程评估在分区附近观察到的隔离。适当的测量值为NR，适当的单数字额定值为NIC。 5.3 有几种指标可用于特定用途。一些评估空间之间的整体隔声，包括接收空间中的吸收效果，一些评估正在评估的隔板的性能或外观性能。所得结果仅适用于测试的特定位置。 5.3.1 降噪（NR）和噪声隔离等级（NIC）- 描述所考虑的两个空间之间的隔声。降噪数据基于满足以下要求的空间和时间平均声压级: 11.3 或 A1.3 根据吸声量、体积和形状要求 9.2 . 降噪值受接收空间中的吸收以及分区的明显性能的影响。未配备家具的空间中的降噪值通常小于配备家具的空间中的降噪值，空间之间的降噪值可能会因所使用的测试方向和空间中的吸声量而异。 然而，当使用 附件A1 已使用。 5.3.2 归一化降噪（NNR）和归一化噪声隔离等级（NNIC）- 描述满足以下要求的两个住宅或办公空间之间的隔声: 9.3.1 调整到标准化的房间条件，这是通常配备家具时此类空间的典型情况。 5.3.3 视在传输损耗（ATL）和视在声传输等级（ASTC）- 描述分隔两个空间的隔墙的明显隔声效果，受支撑结构侧面的影响。所有声音传输，包括任何侧面传输，都归因于隔墙。隔板的表观传输损耗将小于实际的声音传输损耗（路径D 图1 )如果在侧面（路径F in 图1 )意义重大 ( 2. , 3. ) . 这些结果在理论上在每个方向上都是相同的，但在实践中可能会因方向不同而不同。 如果出于诊断目的需要抑制侧翼，则要求 13.1.2.2 和 13.1.4.3 必须遵循以明确此类抑制的结果不代表分区的ATL或ASTC。 注4: 2017年之前的本标准版本包括TL和STC指标，前缀指定为“字段（F）”或“明显（A）”“现场”版本的指标旨在完全排除侧翼声音传输的存在；然而，“明显”版本假设侧翼（未知）程度。此外，“现场”版本的指标要求对房间体积和房间吸收量进行更严格的限制。这些早期版本还包括抑制侧翼的指南，可用于诊断目的。

1.1 The sound isolation between two spaces in a building is influenced most strongly by a combination of the direct transmission through the nominally separating building element (as normally measured in a laboratory) and any transmission along a number of indirect paths, usually referred to as flanking paths. Fig. 1 illustrates the direct paths (D) and some possible structural flanking paths (F). Additional non-structural flanking paths may include transmission through common air ducts between rooms, or doors to the corridor from adjacent rooms. Sound isolation is also influenced by the size of the separating partition between spaces and absorption in the receiving space, and in the case of small spaces by modal behavior of the space and close proximity to surfaces. FIG. 1 Direct (D) and Some Indirect or Flanking Paths (F and Dotted) in a Building 1.2 The main part of this test method defines procedures and metrics to assess the sound isolation between two rooms or portions thereof in a building separated by a common partition or the apparent sound insulation of the separating partition, including both direct and flanking transmission paths in all cases. Appropriate measures and their single number ratings are the noise reduction (NR) and noise isolation class (NIC) which indicate the isolation with the receiving room furnished as it is during the test, the normalized noise reduction (NNR) and normalized noise isolation class (NNIC) which indicate the expected isolation when the receiving room is a normally furnished living or office space that is at least 25 m 3 (especially useful when the test must be done with the receiving room unfurnished), and the apparent transmission loss (ATL) and apparent sound transmission class (ASTC) which indicate the apparent sound insulating properties of a separating partition including both the direct transmission and flanking transmission through the support structure. The measurement of ATL is limited to spaces of at least 25 m 3 where modal effects create fewer problems. With the exception of the ATL and ASTC under specified conditions, these procedures in the main part of the test method are only applicable when both room volumes are less than 150 m 3 . Note 1: The word “partition” in this test method includes all types of walls, floors, or any other boundaries separating two spaces. The boundaries may be permanent, operable, or movable. 1.3 The NR and NIC between two locations may always be measured and reported though conditions present will influence how measurements are made. Restrictions such as minimum room volume or dimensions or maximum room absorption are imposed for all other measures and ratings in this standard. Thus, conditions may exist that will not allow NNR (NNIC) or ATL (ASTC) to be reported. Where a partition between rooms is composed of parts that are constructed differently, or contains an element such as a door, it is not possible to measure the ATL and ASTC of the individual elements or portions of the partition. To evaluate the field performance of a door less than 6 m 2 in area, use Test Method E2964 . The various metrics are inherently different quantities, so that NIC cannot be used instead of NNIC or ASTC when specifications are written in terms of one of those metrics that cannot be reported with the conditions present. 1.4 Annex A1 provides methods to measure the sound isolation between portions of two rooms in a building separated by a common partition including both direct and flanking paths when at least one of the rooms has a volume of 150 m 3 or more. The results are the noise reduction (NR) and noise isolation class (NIC). 1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.6 The text of this test method references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard. 1.7 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 5.1 The main part of this standard uses procedures originally developed for laboratory measurements of the sound transmission loss of partitions. These procedures assume that the rooms in which the measurements are made have a sound field that reasonably approximates a diffuse field. Sound pressure levels in such rooms are reasonably uniform throughout the room and average levels vary inversely with the logarithm of the room sound absorption. Not all rooms will satisfy these conditions. Practical experience and controlled studies ( 1 ) 6 have shown that the test method is applicable to smaller spaces normally used for work or living, such as rooms in multi-family dwellings, hotel guest rooms, meeting rooms, and offices with volumes less than 150 cubic meters. The measures appropriate for such spaces are NR, NNR, and ATL. The corresponding single number ratings are NIC, NNIC and ASTC. The ATL and ASTC may be measured between larger spaces that meet a limitation on absorption in the spaces to provide uniform sound distribution. 5.2 Annex A1 was developed for use in spaces that are very large (volume of 150 m 3 or greater). Sound pressure levels during testing can vary markedly across large rooms so that the degree of isolation can vary strongly with distance from the common (separating) partition. This procedure evaluates the isolation observed near the partition. The appropriate measure is NR, and the appropriate single number rating is NIC. 5.3 Several metrics are available for specific uses. Some evaluate the overall sound isolation between spaces including the effect of absorption in the receiving space and some evaluate the performance or apparent performance of the partition being evaluated. The results obtained are applicable only to the specific location tested. 5.3.1 Noise Reduction (NR) and Noise Isolation Class (NIC)— Describe the sound isolation found between the two spaces under consideration. Noise reduction data are based on the space- and time averaged sound pressure levels meeting the requirements of 11.3 or A1.3 as required depending on the sound absorption, volume, and shape requirements of 9.2 . Noise reduction values are influenced by the absorption in the receiving space as well as the apparent performance of the partition. The noise reduction values in unfurnished spaces will usually be less than in furnished spaces, and noise reduction values between the spaces may differ depending on the test direction used and the sound absorption in the spaces. However, these effects are lessened when the method of Annex A1 is used. 5.3.2 Normalized Noise Reduction (NNR) and Normalized Noise Isolation Class (NNIC)— Describe the sound isolation between two residential or office spaces meeting the requirements of 9.3.1 adjusted to standardized room conditions typical of such spaces when normally furnished. 5.3.3 Apparent Transmission Loss (ATL) and Apparent Sound Transmission Class (ASTC)— Describe the apparent sound insulation of a partition separating two spaces as influenced by flanking in the supporting structure. All sound transmission, including any flanking transmission, is ascribed to the partition. The apparent transmission loss of the partition will be less than the actual sound transmission loss (Path D in Fig. 1 ) if flanking (Path F in Fig. 1 ) is significant ( 2 , 3 ) . These results are in theory the same in each direction but may differ with direction in practice. If it is necessary for diagnostic purposes to suppress flanking, the requirement of 13.1.2.2 and 13.1.4.3 must be followed to make it clear that the results of such suppression do not represent the ATL or ASTC of the partition. Note 4: Versions of this standard prior to 2017 included TL and STC metrics with prefixes designated as “Field (F)” or “Apparent (A).” The “Field” version of the metrics was intended to exclude the presence of flanking sound transmission altogether; whereas, the “Apparent” version presumes an (unknown) degree of flanking. In addition, the “Field” version of the metrics required more stringent limits on room volume and room absorption. These earlier versions also included guidance on suppression of flanking that could be useful for diagnostic purposes.