1.1 本指南涵盖了当腐蚀被怀疑是主要或次要原因或以某种方式导致失效时，检查金属失效时需要考虑的关键问题。 1.2 腐蚀相关故障可能包括以下一种或多种:表面外观变化(例如，失去光泽、生锈、颜色变化)、针孔泄漏、灾难性结构故障(例如，塌陷、爆炸破裂、内爆破裂、开裂)、焊接故障、失去电连续性和失去功能(例如，卡住、磨损、剥落、膨胀)。 1.3 涵盖的问题包括总体故障现场条件、故障时的操作条件、操作和暴露历史、腐蚀产物取样、环境取样、冶金和电化学因素、形态（模式）或故障，并通过考虑前述因素，推断腐蚀故障的原因。1.4 本标准并不旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全性问题（如果有）。本标准的使用者有责任在使用前建立适当的安全、健康和环境实践并确定法规限制的适用性。 1.5 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认的标准化原则制定的。 ======意义和用途====== 3.1 本指南旨在帮助那些在失效分析中遇到腐蚀或可能腐蚀作为潜在原因或促成因素的人员。3.2 本指南不是确定所有失效分析中腐蚀原因或腐蚀在调查失效中的作用的绝对计划。 3.3 本指南旨在帮助研究者识别在失效分析调查中可能有用的腐蚀信息的重要来源和类型。 3.4 附录X1 包含一份清单，旨在帮助评估工业设备的腐蚀相关故障。

1.1 This guide covers key issues to be considered when examining metallic failures when corrosion is suspected as either a major or minor causative factor or contributory to the failure in some manner. 1.2 Corrosion-related failures could include one or more of the following: change in surface appearance (for example, tarnish, rust, color change), pin hole leak, catastrophic structural failure (for example, collapse, explosive rupture, implosive rupture, cracking), weld failure, loss of electrical continuity, and loss of functionality (for example, seizure, galling, spalling, swelling). 1.3 Issues covered include overall failure site conditions, operating conditions at the time of failure, operational and exposure history, corrosion product sampling, environmental sampling, metallurgical and electrochemical factors, morphology (mode) or failure, and by considering the preceding, deducing the cause(s) of corrosion failure. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 3.1 This guide is intended to assist those encountering corrosion or possible corrosion as a potential causative or contributory factor in a failure analysis. 3.2 This guide is not an absolute plan that will identify the cause of corrosion in all failure analyses or the role of corrosion in an investigated failure. 3.3 This guide is intended to help an investigator identify significant sources and types of corrosion information that may be useful in failure analysis investigations. 3.4 Appendix X1 contains a checklist that is intended to assist in corrosion-related failure evaluations of industrial equipment.