1.1 本指南旨在建立记录职业伤害和疾病的定义和标准，用于衡量安全绩效、评估安全计划绩效以及在比较国际绩效时提高一致性。需要一种精确准确、难以操作、对安全计划评估具有重要意义、适用于全球环境中的问责目的的测量系统。 1.2 职业伤害和疾病测量指南的目标如下: 1.2.1 为记录工伤和疾病提供统一客观的框架， 1.2.2 促进使用伤害和疾病率作为评估旨在控制此类伤害和疾病的计划的手段，以及 1.2.3 为跨行业和国家的伤害和疾病率进行有意义的比较奠定基础。 1.3 在本指南中，维护工作所需的定义和程序- 包括相关的伤病记录和发病率。 1.4 本指南的关键要素包括工作关系、伤害和疾病的定义、职业事故的严重程度、承包商关系的责任以及伤害和疾病率计算的规范。 1.5 单位-- 以英语（或英制）单位表示的数值应视为标准。括号中给出的值是国际单位制的数学转换，仅供参考。 1.6 本标准并不旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的使用者有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。本标准不能替代任何法律要求的伤害和疾病记录保存义务。 1.7 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认的标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 4.1 本指南旨在以便于各国理解和衡量的方式定义工伤和疾病。这些伤害和疾病可用于评估、比较和持续改进与工人安全和健康相关的管理系统和计划。尽管可以定义几个严重程度，但主要目标是识别与工作有意义联系的病例和具有潜在后果的病例，这些病例具有预防价值。 由此产生的数据和发病率应提高全球基准的一致性。 4.2 本指南定义了一级病例的记录标准，即与工作场所有明确联系的病例，以及对预防驾驶伤害和疾病有重要意义的后果。 4.3 虽然本指南没有强制要求，但鼓励记录二级案件，而且在许多司法管辖区仍将是强制性的。二级案件是指国家、州和其他司法管辖区目前需要报告的案件。

1.1 This guide is intended to establish definitions and criteria for recording occupational injuries and illnesses to be used for measuring safety performance, evaluating safety program performance, and improving consistency when comparing international performance. A measurement system is desired that is precise and accurate, difficult to manipulate, significant and meaningful for safety program evaluation, and appropriate for accountability purposes in a global environment. 1.2 Objectives of the occupational injury and illness measurement guide are as follows: 1.2.1 Provide a uniform and objective framework for recording work-related injuries and illnesses, 1.2.2 Facilitate use of injury and illness rates as a means of evaluating programs designed to control such injuries and illnesses, and 1.2.3 Establish a basis for meaningful comparison of injury and illness rates across industries and countries. 1.3 In this guide, definitions and procedures necessary to maintain work-related injury and illness records and incidence rates are covered. 1.4 Key elements of this guide include work relationship, definition of injuries and illnesses, levels of severity of occupational incidents, accountability for contractor relationships, and specifications for injury and illness rate calculations. 1.5 Units— The values stated in English (or Imperial) units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only. 1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. This standard is not a substitute for any legally required injury and illness recordkeeping obligations. 1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 4.1 This guide is intended to define work-related injuries and illnesses in a way that can be easily understood and measured across countries. These injuries and illnesses can be used to evaluate, compare, and continually improve management systems and programs related to worker safety and health. Although several levels of severity may be defined, the primary objective is to identify cases with meaningful connection to work and cases with such potential consequence that they have value for prevention purposes. The resultant data and incidence rates should improve global benchmarking consistency. 4.2 This guide defines recording criteria for Level One cases—cases that have a clear connection to the workplace and consequences that are significant for driving injury and illness prevention and efforts. 4.3 While not mandated by this guide, recording of Level Two cases is encouraged and will still be mandatory in many jurisdictions. Level Two cases are those cases currently required to be reported by countries, states, and other jurisdictions.