1.1 本指南提供了海上船舶受伤和疾病报告标准和术语，并满足或超过美国海岸警卫队伤亡报告要求。 1.2 这些伤害和疾病报告标准的重点是规范海事行业的记录和报告，包括术语。 1.3 除非另有规定，否则本指南中包含的标准应作为海事行业所有伤害和疾病记录和报告的最低标准。 1.4 以国际单位制表示的数值应视为标准值。本标准不包括其他计量单位。 1.5 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的用户有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.6 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 5.1 本指南提供了报告海上伤害和疾病以及46 CFR 4.03-1中包含的伤害和疾病的最佳实践。 5.2 各海事组织应以符合或超过46 CFR 4.03-1和国土安全部《美国海岸警卫队海难报告》（CG-2692）规定的方式记录和报告每起海难或事故。 5.2.1 46 CFR 4.03-1海上伤亡或事故的法规文本定义: 5.2.1.1 涉及除公共船舶以外的任何船舶的任何伤亡或事故: (1) 发生在美国、其领土或属地的可航水域； (2) 涉及任何发生此类伤亡或事故的美国船舶；或 (3) 对于在美国管辖水域（包括专属经济区）内作业的外国油轮，涉及对环境的重大损害或影响船舶适航性或效率的物质损害；和 (4) “海上伤亡或事故”一词适用于由船舶引起或涉及船舶的事件，包括但不限于以下内容: （a） 任何人员落水、受伤或死亡，以及 （b） 涉及船舶的任何事件，导致船舶搁浅、搁浅、沉没、浸水、碰撞、碰撞、爆炸、火灾、船舶电力、推进力或转向能力的减少或损失、故障或损害船舶操作、部件或货物任何方面的事件，无论其原因为何，可能影响或损害船舶适航性、效率或服务或航线适合性的任何其他情况，或对环境造成重大损害的任何事件。 5.2.2 海上伤亡或事故- 根据46 CFR 4.03-1定义为“海上伤亡或事故”的某些事件将不符合46 CFR 4.05-1（a）中的标准，要求向美国海岸警卫队提交初始报告和CG-2692。然而，所有人、代理人、船长、操作员或负责人需要考虑是否根据其他法规（包括33 CFR 160.216）仍需要向USCG发出通知，以报告危险情况。 5.2.3 46 CFR 4.05-1:海上伤亡通知- 在解决由此产生的安全问题后，当船舶涉及以下海上事故时，船东、代理人、船长、操作员或负责人应立即通知最近的部门办公室或任何USCG办公室: 5.2.3.1 桥的意外搁浅或意外撞击； 5.2.3.2 对航行、环境或船舶安全造成危害，或符合46 CFR 4.05-1（a）（3）-（8）任何标准的桥梁预期搁浅或预期撞击； 5.2.3.3 主推进、主转向或任何相关部件或控制系统的损失，降低船舶的机动性； 5.2.3.4 对船舶的适航性或服务或航线的适合性产生重大不利影响的事件，包括但不限于火灾、洪水、固定灭火系统、救生设备、辅助发电设备或舱底泵送系统的故障或损坏； 5.2.3.5 失去生命； 5.2.3.6 需要专业医疗（急救以外的治疗）的伤害，如果该人员在商业服务船舶上工作或受雇，则该人员不适合履行其日常职责； 5.2.3.7 造成超过25000美元财产损失的事件，该损失包括将财产恢复至事件发生前状态的劳动力和材料成本，但不包括打捞、清洁、气体释放、干船坞或滞期费的成本；和 5.2.3.8 46 CFR 4.03-65中定义的对环境造成重大损害的事件。 5.2.4 作为46 CFR 4.05-1的最佳实践补充，每个海事组织应记录并报告符合以下一个或多个标准的每个伤害或疾病: 5.2.4.1 急救以外的医疗， 5.2.4.2 限制工作或调到其他工作， 5.2.4.3 远离工作的日子， 5.2.4.4 失去意识， 5.2.4.5 死亡，以及 5.2.4.6 医生或其他持证医疗专业人员诊断出的严重受伤或疾病。 5.2.5 各海事组织应记录并报告所有仅需要急救的伤害和导致未遂事故的事件（见本指南）。 5.2.6 船舶所有人、代理人、船长、运营商或负责人应按照USCG的要求填写CG-2692表格，并鼓励其记录本指南中包含的补充字段。本表应尽可能完整准确地填写，字迹清晰。填写适用于所发生事件类型的所有空格。如果问题不适用，则应在该空格中输入缩写“NA”。如果答案未知且无法获得，则应在该空格中输入缩写“UNK”。如果“NONE”是正确的回答，请在该空格中输入。 5.2.7 一旦表格填写完毕，且事件符合46 CFR 4.05中规定的美国海岸警卫队报告阈值，则应在事故发生后五天内，将此表格发送、电子邮件或传真至距离事故地点最近的美国海岸警卫队部门、海上安全单位或活动，或者如果在海上，则发送至最近的到达点。 5.2.8 当伤亡人员符合46 CFR 4.03中定义的严重海上事故的要求时，要求所有人、代理人、船长、操作员或负责人根据46 CFR 4.06-60提交CG-2692B。 5.2.9 补充所需CG-2692的最佳实践伤害/疾病记录/报告字段示例见 附录X2 . 这些字段还满足本指南中规定的最佳实践，旨在通过更高质量和一致性的数据提高伤害和疾病记录/报告的价值。 其目的是，更高质量和一致的数据可能会导致改进纠正措施制定、经验教训歧视和行业基准。 附录X2 不是为了取代CG-2692的监管要求，但它确实包含一些重叠字段。

1.1 This guide provides injury and illness reporting criteria and terminology for maritime vessels and meets or exceeds U.S. Coast Guard casualty reporting requirements. 1.2 The focus of these injury and illness reporting criteria is to standardize recording and reporting, including terminology, for the maritime industry. 1.3 The criteria contained within this guide should be applied as minimum criteria to all injury and illness recording and reporting in the maritime industry unless otherwise specified. 1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 5.1 This guide provides best practices for reporting of maritime injuries and illnesses and those included in 46 CFR 4.03-1. 5.2 Each maritime organization should record and report each marine casualty or accident in a manner that meets or exceeds regulations set forth by 46 CFR 4.03-1 and the Department of Homeland Security, USCG Report of Marine Casualty (CG-2692). 5.2.1 46 CFR 4.03-1 Regulatory Text Definition for Marine Casualty or Accident: 5.2.1.1 Any casualty or accident involving any vessel other than a public vessel that: (1) Occurs upon the navigable waters of the United States, its territories, or possessions; (2) Involves any U.S. vessel wherever such casualty or accident occurs; or (3) With respect to a foreign tank vessel operating in waters subject to the jurisdiction of the United States, including the EEZ, involves significant harm to the environment or material damage affecting the seaworthiness or efficiency of the vessel; and (4) The term “marine casualty or accident” applies to events caused by or involving a vessel and includes, but is not limited to, the following: (a) Any fall overboard, injury, or loss of life of any person and (b) Any occurrence involving a vessel that results in grounding, stranding, foundering, flooding, collision, allision, explosion, fire, reduction or loss of a vessel’s electrical power, propulsion, or steering capabilities, failures, or occurrences, regardless of cause, that impair any aspect of a vessel’s operation, components, or cargo, any other circumstance that might affect or impair a vessel’s seaworthiness, efficiency, or fitness for service or route, or any incident involving significant harm to the environment. 5.2.2 Marine Casualty or Accident— Some incidents defined as a “marine casualty or accident” per 46 CFR 4.03-1 will not meet the criteria in 46 CFR 4.05-1(a) requiring initial reporting and CG-2692 submissions to the USCG. However, owners, agents, masters, operators, or persons in charge need to consider whether notification to the USCG is still required under other regulations, including 33 CFR 160.216, for the reporting of a hazardous condition. 5.2.3 46 CFR 4.05-1: Notice of Marine Casualty— Immediately after addressing the resultant safety concerns, the owner, agent, master, operator, or person in charge shall notify the nearest Sector Office or any USCG office whenever a vessel is involved in a marine casualty consisting of: 5.2.3.1 An unintended grounding or an unintended strike of (allision with) a bridge; 5.2.3.2 An intended grounding or an intended strike of a bridge that creates a hazard to navigation, the environment, or the safety of a vessel or that meets any criterion of 46 CFR 4.05-1 (a) (3)-(8); 5.2.3.3 A loss of main propulsion, primary steering, or any associated component or control system that reduces the maneuverability of the vessel; 5.2.3.4 An occurrence materially and adversely affecting the vessel’s seaworthiness or fitness for service or route including, but not limited to, fire, flooding, or failure of or damage to fixed fire-extinguishing systems, life-saving equipment, auxiliary power-generating equipment, or bilge pumping systems; 5.2.3.5 A loss of life; 5.2.3.6 An injury that requires professional medical treatment (treatment beyond first aid) and, if the person is engaged or employed on board a vessel in commercial service, that renders the individual unfit to perform his or her routine duties; 5.2.3.7 An occurrence causing property damage in excess of $25 000, this damage including the cost of labor and material to restore the property to its condition before the occurrence, but not including the cost of salvage, cleaning, gas freeing, dry-docking, or demurrage; and 5.2.3.8 An occurrence involving significant harm to the environment as defined in 46 CFR 4.03-65. 5.2.4 As a best practice supplement to 46 CFR 4.05-1, each maritime organization should record and report each injury or illness that meets one or more of the following criteria: 5.2.4.1 Medical treatment beyond first aid, 5.2.4.2 Restricted work or transfer to another job, 5.2.4.3 Days away from work, 5.2.4.4 Loss of consciousness, 5.2.4.5 Death, and 5.2.4.6 A significant injury or illness diagnosed by a physician or other licensed health care professional. 5.2.5 Each maritime organization should record and report all injuries requiring only first aid and incidents resulting in near misses (see this guide). 5.2.6 The vessel owner, agent, master, operator, or person in charge shall complete the CG-2692 form as required by the USCG and are encouraged to record the supplemental fields included in this guide. This form should be completed as completely and accurately as possible with clear type or print. Fill in all blanks that apply to the kind of incident that occurred. If a question is not applicable, the abbreviation “NA” should be entered in that space. If an answer is unknown and cannot be obtained, the abbreviation “UNK” should be entered in that space. If “NONE” is the correct response, then enter it in that space. 5.2.7 Once the form is completed and the incident meets the USCG reporting threshold outlined in 46 CFR 4.05, deliver, e-mail, or fax this form within five days of the casualty to the USCG Sector, Marine Safety Unit, or Activity nearest the location of the casualty or, if at sea, nearest arrival point. 5.2.8 When a casualty meets the requirements of a serious marine incident as defined in 46 CFR 4.03, the owner, agent, master, operator, or person in charge is required to submit a CG-2692B in accordance with 46 CFR 4.06-60. 5.2.9 Example best practice injury/illness recording/reporting fields that supplement the required CG-2692 are provided in Appendix X2 . These fields also satisfy the best practices set forth in this guide and are intended to enhance the value of injury and illness recording/reporting through higher quality and consistency of the data. The intention is that higher quality and consistent data may lead to improved corrective action development, lessons learned discrimination, and industry benchmarking. Appendix X2 is not intended to replace the regulatory requirements of CG-2692, but it does contain some over lapping fields.