本项目主要研究碳酸铅的溶解和转化率 腐蚀产物。氢氰酸盐Pb₃（CO₃）₂（OH）₂，是一种被广泛观察到的铅腐蚀产物，其溶解对水化学变化的响应可以极大地影响配水系统中的溶解铅浓度。研究了氢氰酸盐的溶解速率与pH值和溶解溶液浓度的关系 无机碳、正磷酸盐和氯胺。使用全自动分析仪测量了合成氢化钾溶解的速率和速率常数，作为水化学的函数- 连续混流反应器。在水中使用的铅服务线的铅释放率 根据水化学、再循环流量和停滞时间的函数，研究了80-100年的分布。在每次实验前后，还对铅管垢的分子结构、形态和矿物学进行了表征。利用实验测得的溶解速率生成铅释放速率的模型，作为水化学的函数，然后将其与从配水系统中提取的铅管中的铅释放速率进行比较。 这样的模型将使水处理设施能够根据可测量的散装水性质确定铅浓度。公用事业公司正在实施铅腐蚀控制策略，例如添加磷酸盐，以控制其配电系统中的铅浓度。这个 利用拉曼光谱实时监测了氢芥酸盐向低溶解度磷酸铅的转化。然后，这些数据被用来为控制氢化钾转化为磷酸铅的具体过程建立概念模型。 然后将使用方程组的数值解来模拟随时间的转换过程。对数据进行评估，以确定转化是否通过一个相的溶解和随后的溶解发生 第二相沉淀，或通过固体的直接转化。对每种方法的模型进行了测试，并提供了对转换过程的洞察。包括18个参考文献、表格、图表。

This project focuses on the dissolution and transformation rates of lead carbonate corrosion products. Hydrocerussite, Pb₃(CO₃)₂(OH)₂, is a widely observed lead corrosion product, and its dissolution in response to changes in water chemistry can greatly affect the dissolved lead concentration in water distribution systems. The dissolution rate of hydrocerussite was investigated as a function of pH and the concentrations of dissolved inorganic carbon, orthophosphate, and chloramine. The rates and rate constants of synthetic hydrocerussite dissolution were measured as a function of water chemistry using completely-mixed continuous-flow reactors. Lead release rates from lead service lines that had been used in water distribution for 80-100 years were investigated as a function of water chemistry, recirculation flow rates, and stagnation times. The lead pipe scale was also characterized for molecular structure, morphology, and mineralogy before and after each experiment. The experimentally measured dissolution rates were used to generate a model for lead release rates as a function of water chemistry and then compared to the lead release rate from lead pipe extracted from a water distribution system. Such a model will allow water treatment facilities to determine lead concentrations as a function of measurable bulk water properties. Utilities are implementing lead corrosion control strategies, such as the addition of phosphate, to control lead concentrations in their distribution systems. The transformation of hydrocerussite to lower solubility lead phosphates was monitored in real-time using Raman spectroscopy. The data was then used to develop conceptual models for the specific processes governing the transformation of hydrocerussite to lead phosphates. A numerical solution to the system of equations will then be used to simulate the transformation process with time. The data were evaluated to determine whether the transformation occurs via dissolution of one phase and subsequent precipitation of the second phase, or by direct transformation of the solid. Models for each approach were tested and provide insight into the transformation process. Includes 18 references, tables, figures.